人教版七年级上册英语全册语法知识点

第一讲： 动词

一.Be 动词（am, is, are）的用法

口诀：I 用am , you 用are ,is 连着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数全部用is，复数一律都用are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃，变否定，更容易，be 后not莫忘记，句首大写莫迟疑。

I ________ a student.                          You ________ Japanese.

He _______ my brother.                        She_______ very nice.

My name  ________Harry.                   LiLei _________ very tall.

This book________ very interesting.             Li Lei and I __________ good friends.

These ________ apples.                        Those_________ bananas.

They _________students.                      There _______ some bread on the plate.
The cat________ black.                       The black pants ______ for Su Yang.

Here ______ some sweaters for you.                There ______ a girl in the room.

There         some milk for me.                 There ______ some apples on the tree.

Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there.            Some tea ______ in the glass.

二.一般现在时态

1.用法：(1).表示习惯性，经常性的动作,常与often, always, usually, every day/week/month…等词连用

I often play soccer.

(2).表示主语具备的性格或能力： He likes to eat bananas.

2.在一般现在时态中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词也用第三人称单数, 第三人称单数的构成规则（主语不是第三人称单数时谓语动词用原形）：

a.一般情况下在动词词尾加s 如：get----gets   like----likes  play—plays， want—wants， work—works，

1. 以字母s、x、ch, sh,o结尾的动词加-es：guess—guesses，fix—fixes， teach—teaches， brush—brushes， go—goes，
2. 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es：study—studies，carry—carries，fly—flies，特殊词： have----has

一 写出下列动词的三单形式。

take        like         play           run        do

watch       wish         eat           have       want

teach        start        go            study

二用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. We often _________ (play) in the playground.2. He __________ (get) up at six o’clock.
2. At eight at night, she_________ (watch) TV with his parents.

8 _______Mike ________ (read) English every day?

9. How many lessons_________your classmate________ (have) on Monday?
   10. What time _______his mother__________ (do) the housework?
10. She______ (have) blues eyes.14. The boy _________ (like) playing football.
11. 1 It _____ (rain) quite often during the month of July every year.
12. 1 Mike usually_________ (ride) a bike with his friends in the park.
13. 26. We _______ (not watch) TV on Monday.
    27.Sandy usually _______ (play) the piano on Sundays.
14. 28.The cat________ (like) eating fish every much.
15. 29. Su Hai and Su Yang _______ (have) eight lessons this term.
16. 30. She and I ________ (take) a walk together every evening.
17. 34.She__________ (like) fish, but she ________________ (not like) meat.

第二讲： 代词

（一）人称代词及物主代词(默写出此表格)

 

人称	第一人称 单    数	第二人称 单    数	第三人称单数			第一人称 复    数	第二人称 复    数	第三人称 复    数
主格	I	you	he	she	it	we	you	they
	我	你	他	她	它	我们	你们	他（她、它）们
宾格	me	you	him	her	it	us	you	them
	我	你	他	她	它	我们	你们	他（她、它）们
形容词性物主代 词	my	your	his	her	its	our	your	their
名词性物主 代词	mine	yours	his	hers	its	ours	yours	theirs
	我的	你的	他的	她的	它的	我们的	你们的	他（她、它） 们     的

一．主格只能作主语；宾格作宾语

I （主语）am hungry, please give me（宾语） something to eat.我饿了，请给我一些吃的东西。

主语: 句子要说明的人或事物

The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。    He likes dancing.他喜欢跳舞。

谓语: 主语的动作、状态和特征，由动词来充当

.We study English. 我们学习英语    2. He is asleep. 他睡着了。

宾语：动作、行为的对象

.I like China. 我喜欢中国。）   2.You can help me. 你能帮助我。

二．形容词性物主代词修饰名词，必须放在名词前面，名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能再加名词

用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big.  ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. (she)
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________. (I)
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. (he)
5. _________ dresses are red. (we)  What color are _________? (you)
6. Here are many books, which one is _________? (she)
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? (you)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. (it )
10. Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. (they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. (we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. (she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. (he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. (they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger! （it）
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. (she )
17. ________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. (we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. (they )

第三讲：名词

（一）名词的分类

名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单，复数之分，单数在前面加a/an来表示

不可数名词没有复数形式，前面也不能用a/an来表示单数。如：water，tea，bread，rice, milk, money, time.。

ice-cream, salad, chicken(既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词)

（二）可数名词复数构成规则

（1）一般情况下在词尾加s.. book——books，dog——dogs，pen——pens，boy——boys

辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为

，以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为〔z〕。

（2）以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词名词变复数时，要在词尾加es.

e.g. beach——beaches，brush——brushes，bus——buses，box—boxes（es读音为〔iz〕

（3）以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es.

e.g. city——cities，family——families，documentary——documentaries，country——countries，

（4）以o结尾的名词有生命的词加es如：. tomato，potato，hero,Negro;无生命的加s:

. zoo—zoos，radio——radios注：zero变复数时，既可加s，也可加 es: zeros／zeroes

注：不规则变化：. man——men，woman——wome，，Englishman——Englishmen， child——children，Chinese- Chinese，sheep-sheep,

（5）另外，①当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。

. five apple trees；，two girl friends，（此处apple, girl都不用复数，只有被修饰的名词用复数）

注：当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，两个词都用复数形式。

e.g. two men teachers两个男老师，three women doctors三个女医生

可数名词复数前可用many（许多）、a lot of/lots of（许多）、some修饰，不可数名词用much, a lot of/lots of修饰

2.不可数名词没有复数形式，它的“量”的表示方式如下。

表确定数量时，一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：two／three／…+量词复数十of+不可数名词。a bag of rice，two glasses of milk，four bottles of water

3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。

. fruit水果——fruits表示不同种类的水果；chicken鸡肉——a chicken小鸡；orange橘汁——an orange橘子；

 (三)名词的所有格：表示人或物的所属关系：……的

（1）有生命的名词所有格的构成：

① 一般在词尾加’s.： Mike’s watch；Women’s Day妇女节

②以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加’，. teachers’ office，students’ rooms

③表示共同拥有某物时，只需在最后一个名词后加’s.

. Tom and Mike’s room汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房）

④表示分别拥有某物时，需在每个名词后都加’s.

e.g. Mary’s and Jenny’s bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）

（2）无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构

a map of China，the beginning of this game，the door of the room

（3）双重所有格：可同时用’s和of短语表示的名词所有格

. a fiend of my mother’s我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Tom’s汤姆的一张图片

1. 写出下列词的复数形式。

baby _______          photo_______      Chinese_________     key______

potato_______       watch_______       strawberry______      wish_______           tomato__________    dollar________      orange______      documentary________

boy__________    child________     man_______        this______

that_______         woman_________       you_______         bus_______

2. 翻译短语

五个草莓________________________            三个西红柿_______________________

一些钥匙___________________________         两块手表_________________________

十个小孩________________________           一些蔬菜________________________

八个女老师__________________________       四辆公共汽车________________________

一张吉姆家的全家照___________________    一幅中国地图_________________

汤姆的书包________________               我朋友的生日聚会__________________

他们父母亲的房间____________         戴维和保罗各自的电脑_________________________

鲍勃和琳达的书橱_____________________教师们的书桌_____________________

3.选择填空

1、There         on the wall .They are very beautiful.

1. are photoes      B. are photosC. is a photo        D. is photos
2. Would you like some      ?
3. rice           B. rices        C . a rice
4. There are fourand twoin the group.
5. ChineseB Chineses, C. A Chinese    C.Chinesese
6. That’sart book.
7. an   B. a   C. the D are
8. The boys have gotalready.
9. two bread         B. two breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread
10. Theresomein the river.
11. is ,milkB. are, milks    C. is, milks     D. are ,milk
12. Theretwoin the box.
13. is;watch B. are ;watches C. are ;watch D. is;watches

9.I want some ─ to drink.

1. orange      B.apples   C  oranges
2. Thetwo_____ meeting room is near the reading room.
3. woman teacher   B. women  teachers’s    C.woman  teachers’     D.women teachers’
4. In China_____ are everywhere.

A.apple trees   B. apples trees   C. apple tree   D. apples tree苹果树

第四讲： 数词

（一）基数词 在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。

1.基数词的构成（1）1-20:one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen，twenty

（2）21-99 先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字符。23→twenty-three，34→thirty-four，45→forty—five，

（3）101—999先说“几百”， 586→five hundred and eighty-six，803→eight hundred and three

（二）序数词 在英语中表示顺序、次序的词称为序数词。

1.序数词的构成（1）一般在基数词后加th    e.g. four → fourth，thirteen → thirteenth

（2）不规则变化  one → first, two →second，three → third，five → fifth，eight → eighth，nine → ninth，twelve——twelfth（记住基数词变序数词的口诀）

（3）序数词的缩写形式为：阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾两个字母。first:1st  second:2nd，fourt:4th， 23rd，

一．写出下列数字的基数词和序数词

5._____________,____________32.____________,___________12.___________,____________    20.____________,_____________1.___________,____________2.________,___________

3.____________,_____________ 8.___________,____________9.__________,________

写出基数词变序数词的口诀：

 

 

二．翻译：

1. 65个班级______________ 27个男生___________________
2. 82岁________________44位女老师..__________________
3. 3本字典___________________2个图书馆._________________
4. 12个月___________________ 18个妇女_____________
5. 22个孩子__________________六杯茶______________________

第五讲： 介词

(1)  in , on，at

In用于年、月及早上、下午、晚上前 in 1989,  in January, in the morning, in the afternoon , in the evening。

on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。

on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, , on the morning of June 2nd , on Sunday afternoon等。

at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间：at 3:20, at this time of year,…, .

(2)with 表示用 …工具、手段；和….一起；具有，带有   in 用…语言(语调、颜色)等；

He comes to the classroom with a book in his hand.(手).（带着）

The teacher spoke to us in English.  We have clothes in all colors.

(3)for的用法

1）供……用，给……的

Is this apple for me? 这个苹果是给我的吗？

Here is a letter for your mother. 这儿有你妈妈的一封信。

2）作……用（表用途）

Do you need bags for sports? 你需要运动包吗？

I need a cup for milk. 我需要一个装牛奶的杯子。

3）就……而言，对于……来说

For lunch, I like hamburgers and salad. 午饭我喜欢汉堡和沙拉。

For girls, we have T-shirts in all colors.女孩子们可以买到各种颜色的T恤衫。

4）以……的价格（表交换、价格）

You can buy socks for only 5 dollars each. 你可以买到每双只卖5美元的袜子

I always play games_______ my sister.

1. of        B. with        C. about       D. at

China is a country_______ a long history.

1. withB. on     C. or       D. at
2. The girl _______red is my sister.
3. for       B. with        C. at       D. in
4. _______girls, we have red skirts.
5. for       B. with        C. at       D. in

5.The T-shirt is _______twenty yuan.

1. for       B. with        C. at       D. in

6.I have chicken ______ lunch.

1. for       B. with        C. at       D. in

第六讲：There be句型

1. 句型： 表示“某地有某人或某物”。其结构有：

There is +单数可数名词或不可数名词+地点….  There are +复数名词+地点….

T here is an apples on the table.桌上有个苹果  There are some strawberries on the chair.

注：当句中有2个或2个以上主语时，be动词要与其最近的主语保持一致：

There is a teacher and 54 students in our classroom.(be动词与最近的主语a teacher保持一致)

There______    some  bread on the table.

1. is      B . are        C ,has        D. have

There______    some bananas and a pear in the bag.

1. is      B . are        C ,has        D. have

There ______   a pear and  some bananas in the bag.

第七讲 冠词

1. 种类：（1）不定冠词：a / an       （2）定冠词：the  

     元音音素开头的可数名词前用an :  an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser // an ID card / an art lesson /

2. 定冠词的用法：（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk.

      （2）指上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.

      （3）用在序数词前： John’s birthday is February the second.

用冠词填空：

1．What’s this? It’s _____ clock.       2. What’s that? It’s _____ alarm clock.

3．I  have a sweater. _____  sweater is new. 4. May is _____ fifth month.

Starter Unit 1- Starter-Unit3复习

1．How are you? 你（身体）好吗？

(I’m) fine/Very well/I’m OK, Thank you./thanks.  How are you? / And you? 我很好，谢谢。你呢？

(I’m)fine/OK, too. 我也很好。

2.What’s this/that in English? 这/那用英语怎么说？It’s a/an + 单数物品  （△不说This/That is．．．）

3.in Chinese/English/Japanese用汉/英/日语Spell it, please. = Please spell it. 请拼读它。

What color is + 单数名词？It’s /It is + 颜色.

What color are + 复数名词？They’re/They are + 颜色.

What color is the key?（这把）钥匙是什么颜色的？  It’s （It is）yellow. （它是）黄色的

What color are the keys? 这些钥匙是什么颜色的？    They’re (They are) red.. （它们）是红色的

Unit1-Unit9复习

1.. Are you Helen? 你是海伦吗？Yes, I am.是的，我是。/ No, I’m not. I’m Gina. 不，我不是。我是吉娜

2..问电话号码：  What’s your/his/her telephone number? It’s + 号码.

3..Are these / those … ? 这 / 那些是……吗？Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

4..the photo of your family = your family photo

5..thanks / thank you for．．后接名词或动词ing．为．．．而感谢Thank you for helping me.

6..Sport“运动”，修饰名词时，总是用复数形式。sports meeting运动会sports shoes运动鞋

7. play/do sports做运动.watch TV看电视

8.on TV/ /on the computer/on the phone 在电视上/在收音机上/在电脑上/在电

9. call sb at + 电话号码：“拨打．．．号码找某人” Call Alan at 495-3539.拨打495-3539找艾伦

10.some和any（一些）1) some一般用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句

11.do/does :1）作助动词，帮助构成一般现在时的否定句或疑问句，无意义。

Do you have a soccer ball? 你有足球吗？ I don’t know. 我不知道。

2)作实义动词，“做，干”。I do my homework every day. 我每天都做家庭作业。

Bob does his homework every day. 鲍勃每天都做家庭作业

12.询问价格

How much is +　单数商品？      How much are + 复数商品？

It’s + 钱                       They’re + 钱

how many/how much

13．询问数量how many + 可数名词复数，how much + 不可数名词

你有多少苹果？How many apples do you have?  你想要多少水？How much water do you want?

.1.3.socks袜子, shoes鞋, pants裤子,trousers裤子等都是成双成对的物品，一般以复数形式出现，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。但它们和a pair of （一双、一副或一对）连用作主语时，谓语动词要与pair在数上一致。

The pants are Tom’s.   这条裤子是汤姆的。  This pair of pants is Tom’s.   这条裤子是汤姆的。

14. want to do sth.  想要做某事   on sale 出售；廉价出售       for sale待售

15.I’ll take it.我买了   at very good prices 以合理/优惠的价格

16.问年龄用how old +be + 主语？答：主语 + be + 基数词（years old）

How old are you? I’m fifteen(years old) 你多大了？我15岁

How old is he/she? He/She is twelve(years old)

17.have a good time = have fun   玩的开心

18．What’s your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的学科是什么？=What subject do you like best?

My favorite subject is math. 我最喜欢的学科是数学。= I like math best.

19．have + 学科：上某一学科的课。    have English 上英语课

have a class / lesson 上课 have breakfast / lunch / dinner 吃早饭 / 中饭/ 晚饭

have a soccer game 举行足球比赛

.20. That’s for sure.的确如此。