人教版八年级英语下册知识点

八年级英语下册知识点

Unit 1 what’s the matter?

一、重点短语词组

1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽
2. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多
3. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒
4. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼
5. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息
6. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医
7. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’s temperature 量体温
8. balanced diet平衡饮食 16. go along…沿着……走
9. take breaks 休息 18. sound like 听起来像
10. all weekend 整个周末 20. in the same way 以同样的方式
11. on the side of the road 在马路边 22. shout for help 大声呼救
12. without thinking twice 没有多想 24. get off 下车 get on 上车
13. have a heart problem 有心脏病 26. to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的
14. thanks to 多亏了；由于 28. in time 及时
15. save a life 挽救生命 30. get into trouble 造成麻烦
16. agree to do sth. 同意做什么 32. because of 由于
17. get out of 离开;从……出去 34. hurt oneself 受伤
18. put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎 36. fall down 摔倒
19. feel sick 感到恶心 38. have a nosebleed 流鼻血
20. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 40. put her head down 把她的头低下
21. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 42. mountain climbing 登山运动
22. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 44. take risks 冒险
23. so that 为了 46. So…that 如此… …以至于…
24. be in control of 掌管;管理 48. in a difficult situation 在困境中
25. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 50. make a decision 做出决定
26. stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health=keep fit
27. put some medicine on sth. 在…上面敷药

二、重点句型

1. What’s the matter?你怎么了？

= What’s the trouble / problem with you?

= What’s wrong with you?

2. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？

Should I take my temperature?   我应该量一下体温吗？

主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形...

①You should lie down and rest.          你应该躺下休息一会儿。

② You shouldn’t go out at night.         你晚上不应该出去。

3. 3. She said that the man had a heart problem andshould go to the hospital

她说这个人有心脏问题需要去医院。

4. Did you hurt yourself playing soccer?     hurt oneself伤了某人自己

你在踢球的时候伤了自己吗？

5. 5. I think I sat in the same way for too long without

我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。

三、知识点小结

1. matter为可数名词，意为“问题，事情，”复数：matters, 近义词：problem/trouble.

Don’t do that; it will only make matters worse.

别那么做，那只会把事情搞得更糟糕。

① matter 还可以作动词，意为：“要紧，有关系”主要用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中

It doesn’t matter. 没关系

② no matter how/ what/when/where/who….引导让步状语从句，意为：“无论怎么/什么/何时/哪里/谁….”

No matter what the weather is like, we’ll go there. 无论天气怎样，我们都会去那里

2. maybe与may be: maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：

Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。

He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如：

He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师

3. few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：

①. few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有肯定意思，例如：

He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。

There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。

②. little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。

例如：There is little ink in my bottle; can you give me a little ink?

我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？

4. give sb some advice给某人提建议advice 是不可数名词

a piece of advice 一则建议 take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议

5. agree sb. to do sth. 同意某人做某事       agree with sb. 同意某人的意见

disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事  disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意见

6. 辨析：die, dead, dying, death

die	为动词，表示“死，死亡”，指因生病、年老、负伤等原因而死，是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
dead	为形容词，指“死的，无生命的”，表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。如果表达“死了多长时间”用“have/has been dead for十时间段”或“died十时间段十ago”表示。
dying	die的现在分词，作定语或表语，指“垂死的，要死的”。
death	为名词，指“死，死亡”，在句中作主语或宾语

 

Unit 2   I’ll help to clean up the city parks.

一、重点短语

1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日               2. an old people’s home 养老院
2. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难      4. used to 曾经… 过去
3. care for 关心;照顾                  6. the look of joy 快乐的表情
4. at the age of 在......岁时 8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
5. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋 10. give out=hand out 分发;散发
6. come up with 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划
7. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 试用;参加…选拔
8. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力 16. put up 建造;举起;张贴
9. run out of…用完… 18. call up 打电话;召集
10. put off 推迟;延迟 20. for example 比如；例如
11. raise money 筹钱;募捐 22. take after 与......相像;像
12. give away 赠送;捐赠 24. fix up 修理;修补;解决
13. be similar to 与……相似 27. disabled people 残疾人
14. make a difference 影响;有作用 29. Be excited about …对…感到兴奋
15. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做什么 31. set up 建起，设立
16. 32. after-school reading program课外阅读项目

二、重点句型

1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.

这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.

清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。

3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturdaymorning.

每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。

4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteerafter-school reading program.

去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。

5. 5. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.

我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

6. 6. Most people today are only worried about gettinggood jobs to make lots of money.

现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。

7. 7. You helped to make it possible for me to have

在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。

三、知识点小结：

1. cheer(sb.) up 使…高兴、振作   clean up 打扫   clean-up  n. 打扫

call up 打电话                 set up 建起，设立

2. sick adj. 生病的 作表语、定语 ；ill adj. 生病的 作表语, 不能作定语。

His mother was ill / sick, so he had to look after his sick mother at home.

3. come up with 提出 想出 = think up 想出；

辨析词组：catch up with 赶上 追上

4. put off doing sth.推迟做某事   put on 穿上 (指穿的过程)

put up 张贴/举起/搭建 put away 把…放好

put down 放下 put out   扑灭（火灾）

5. each 每一个, 强调:个人，个别 常of 连用，做主语时，谓语动词用单数

every 每个, 一切的, 则有“全体”的意思，不能与of 连用

6. put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用

They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用

7. plan to do 计划做某事 plan + 从句

I plan to go to Beijing. =I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我计划去北京。

8. join 参加 (指：参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党

take part in 参加 (指：参加活动) 如：take part in sports meeting 参加运动会

9. run out 与 run out of

①run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本

身就含有被动意义。

His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。

②run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。

He is always running out of money before pay day.

他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。

10. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像

近义词：be similar to 与..相像

辨析词：look after 照顾   take care of 照顾

11. work out 算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）
12. hang out 闲荡 闲逛   辨析词： hang over 笼罩   hang up 悬挂
13. be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 不会
14. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…

She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。

15. hand out = give out 分发   give out sth to sb. 分….给某人

give up doing sth放弃…        如：give up smoking 放弃吸烟

give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to ….

16. help sb. out 帮助…做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)

I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out.

我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。

17. train n. 火车 train v. 训练 train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事

She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。

18. at once == right away 立刻 马上 如: Do it at once. 马上去做。

I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。

19. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去)       some day 有一天(指将来)

如: One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。

Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。

20. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 disable v. 不能
21. volunteer ①可数名词 “志愿者” ②v. 自愿做    volunteer to do sth

They are the Chinese People’s Volunteers.

他们是中国人民志愿军。

I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。

 

Unit 3   Could you please clean your room?

一、重点短语词组

1. go out for dinner 出去吃饭 2. stay out late 在外面待到很晚
2. go to the movies 去看电影 4. get a ride 搭便车
3. work on 从事 work at.. 在..工作 6. do the dishes 洗餐具
4. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 8. fold your/the clothes 折叠衣服
5. sweep the floor 扫地 10. make your/the bed 整理床铺
6. throw down 扔下 12. take sb for a walk 带某人去散步
7. all the time 一直;总是 14. all day/evening 整日/夜
8. shout back 大声回应 16. walk away 走开
9. share the housework 分担家务     18. a comfortable home 一个舒适的家
10. in surprise 惊讶地 20. get something to drink 拿点喝的东西21. watch one show 观看一个节目 22. do chores 做杂务
11. pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人 24. get sth. wet 使某物弄湿
12. a waste of time浪费时间 26. get good grades取得好成绩
13. depend on依赖;依靠 28. Provide…with…给…提供…
14. develop children’s independence发展孩子的独立性
15. 30.do one’ s part in (doing ) sth.做某人分内的事

二、重点句型

1. Could you pleasedo sth?  / Could you please not do sth?

=Would you please clean your room? / Will you please do sth…?

你能整理一下你的房间吗？

2. I have to do some work.

我必须干些活。

3. 3. She won’t be happy if she sees this mess.

如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。

4. 4. For one week, she did not do any housework andneither did I.

整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。

5. 5. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in frontof the TV.

我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。

三、知识点小结

1. 1. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth.讨厌做某事  如：I hate to do chores.
2. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做什么      invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会

如：They invited me to join their club. 他们邀请我参加俱乐部。

3. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事    make sb +adj. 使某人怎样。

如：It makes me feel comfortable.    He makes me very angry.

4. in order to为了     in order to +动词短语

in order that +句子    = so that…

如：He got up early in order to catch the early bus

=He got up early in order that/so that he could catch the early bus

5. mind doing sth. 介意做某事 mind sb doing sth 介意某人做什么。
6. throw about 乱扔 throw down 撂下，扔下

throw away 扔掉 throw at … 扔向….

 

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

一、重点短语

1. have free time有空闲时间 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
2. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛 4. after-school classes课外活动课
3. get into a fight with sb.与某人打架 6. until midnight直到半夜
4. talk to sb. 与某人交谈 8. study too much学得过多
5. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠 10. call sb. up打电话给某人
6. surprise sb. 使某人惊讶 12. look through翻看
7. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 14. a big deal重要的事
8. work out成功地发展;解决 16. get on with和…相处,关系良好
9. fight a lot经常吵架/打架 18. hang over笼罩
10. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 20. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
11. in future今后 22. worry about sth. 担心某事
12. cut out删除 24. copy one’s homework抄袭某人作业25. be oneself做自己 26. family members
13. spend time alone独自消磨时光 28. give sb. pressure给某人施压
14. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架 30. compete with sb. 与某人竞争
15. free time activities业余活动 32. get better grades取得更好的成绩
16. give one’s opinion提出某人的观点 34. learn exam skills学习应试技巧
17. practice sports体育训练 36. cause stress造成压力

二、重点句型

1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn’t getenough sleep.

我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。

2. Why don’t you forget about it?

你为什么不忘掉它呢？

3. Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.

虽然她错了, 但这并不是什么大事儿。

4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say h he’ssorry.

他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。

5. May be you could go to his house.

也许你可以去他家。

6. I guess I could, bu t I don’t want to surprise him.

我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。

 

Unit 5   What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

一、重点短语

1. make sure 确信;确认 2. beat against... 拍打… …
2. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着 4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
3. wake up 醒来 6. in a mess 一团糟
4. break.. . apart 使……分离 8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候
5. at the time of 当.......时候 10. go off (闹钟)发出响声
6. take a hot shower 洗热水澡 12. miss the bus 错过公交车
7. pick up 接电话 14. bring... together 使……靠拢
8. in the area 在这个地区 16. miss the event 错过这个事件
9. by the side of the road 在路边 18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线
10. walk by 走路经过 20. make one’s way to…某人去…的路上
11. hear the news 听到这个消息 22. in history 历史上
12. for example 例如 24. be killed 被杀害
13. over 50  50多(岁） 26. a school pupil 一个小学生
14. on the radio 通过广播 28. in silence 沉默;无声
15. more recently 最近地;新近 30. the World Trade Center 世贸中心
16. take down 拆除;摧毁 32. have meaning to 对……有意义
17. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 34. at first 首先;最初

二、重点句型

1. --What were you doing at eight last night?昨晚8 点你在干什么？

--I was taking a shower.                   我在洗淋浴。

2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mommake dinner.

当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。

3. --What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?

琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？

--While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.

琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。

三、知识点小结

1. take off (1)起飞 When did the plane take off yesterday ? 飞机什么时候起飞？

(2) 脱下(衣帽等) He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room . 他一进房间就脱掉了外套。

(3) 取消 They will take off the 5 am train .

他们取消了早上5点的火车。

2. happen 发生 具体事件偶然的没有预见的发生

(1) happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事

I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday.

昨天我在公园碰巧遇见我的一个老朋友。

(2) sth happens to sb. 某人发生了某事

An car accident happened to him last month .

上个月他发生了交通事故.

take place发生 按计划进行或按计划发生

3. follow (1) 跟随 I followed him up the hill . 我跟着他上了山.

(2) 沿着…前进 Follow this road until you get to the post office .

顺着这条路一直到邮局.

(3) 听懂,理解 Could you speak more slowly ?

I can’t follow you. 你能说慢点吗？我听不懂。

(4) follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事

Please follow me to read the story. 请跟我读这个故事。

4. scared 恐惧的, 害怕的=afraid恐惧的, 害怕的

I’m very scared / afraid. 我很害怕.

be scared / afraid of sth 害怕某物

如：Are you scared / afraid of snakes? 你害怕蛇吗？

be scared / afraid to do sth害怕做某事

如：He is scared / afraid to go out at night. 他害怕晚上出去。

be scared / afraid of doing sth害怕做某事

如：He is scared / afraid of going out at night.

5. silence n. 寂静/无声           silent adj. 沉默的, 寂静的

There’s nothing but silence in the room. 屋内寂静无声 .

Keep in silence. 保持沉默.

6. 6. be good for sth. / doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处

be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害

be good to 对…好

be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅长

be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法

①.be good for 对......有益

Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。

②.be good at 擅长于......

Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅长于篮球。

= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。

be good at = do well in 如：

I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。

③.be good to 对......好

Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。

 

Unit 6   An old man tried to move the mountains

一、重点短语

1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事 2. as soon as ...... 一……就…....
2. once upon a time 从前 4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事
3. make sth. happen 使某事发生 6. try to do sth. 试图做某事
4. the journey to sp. ......之旅 8. tell the/a story 讲故事
5. a little bit 有点儿 10. keep doing  sth. 坚持做某事
6. instead of 代替;反而 12. turn ... into 变成
7. get married 结婚 14. the main character 主要人物；主人公
8. at other times 在另外一些时候 16. come out (书、电影等)出版
9. become interested in…对……感兴趣18. walk to the other side 走到另一边去19. a fairy tale 一个神话故事 20. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分21. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 22. make a plan to do sth.计划做某事
10. go to sleep 去睡觉 24. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地
11. get lost 迷路 26. change one’s plan 改变计划
12. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 28. the next day 第二天
13. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地
14. find one’s way home 找到某人回家路

二、重点句型

1. What do you think about/of...?

So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?

你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？

2. It doesn’t seem +adj. to do sth.

It doesn’t seem very possible to move -a mountain.

把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。

3. 3. It takes some time to do sth.

Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.

这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。

4 . … not.. .. until十从句

Don’ t eat it until you get to the forest.

你们到达森林之后才能吃。

三、知识点小结

1. shoot v.射，射击，(shot，shot)  Hou Yi shoots the sun后羿射日

shoot at sth. 瞄准/朝…   射击  shoot to… 射中….

2. weak adj. 虚弱的，无力的，

the week 在英语中，有些形容词前加定冠词表一类人或事物。其意义为复数。

做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

如：the old / the young / the rich / the poor / the deaf / the blind / the disabled

3. move v.打动；使感动 be moved (by sth. / sb.) （被某人/事）感动

I was moves by your kindness. 我被你的善良大动了。

4. remind v.“提醒，使想起”，及物动词

(1) remind sb. of sth .让我们想起某事：

The old photo reminds me of my childhood. 这张老照片让我想起了我的童年。

(2) remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事：

My parents often remind me to study hard. 我的父母总是提醒我要努力学习。

5. I think it’s a little bit silly. 我认为那有点儿傻。

(1) a little bit 意为“有点儿”，后加形容词，相当于a little，a bit：

如：This is a little bit difficult for me. 这对我来说有点难。

(2) bit n.一点，一块； a bit +形容词，a bit silly；

a bit of 后加名词：a bit of time 一点时间

6. turn...into... “使变成......”

如：Please turn this into English. 请把这个译成英语。

7. come out
8. 出版：That magazine comes out every Monday. 那本杂志每周一出版。
9. 出来，出现，开花

The stars come out as soon as it was dark. 天一黑星星就出来了。

1. 传出，真相大白：The truth has come out at last. 最后真相大白了。
2. become interested in 对?...感兴趣 = be interested in 后接名词，代词，动名词

I became interested in piano. 我对钢琴感兴趣。

9. whole adj. 全部的, 整体的 whole后通常跟可数名词，前加the/ this/ my等形容词性物主代词修饰

The old man told us the whole story. 老人给我们讲了整个故事。

all也指: 所有的，修饰可数或不可数名词，放在the/ this/ my等词前。

10. be made of…由…制成，如made of sugar     made of wood

be made of由…制成，看得出原材料；be made from由…制成，看不出原材料

 

Unit 7 W hat’s the highest mountain in the world?

一、重点短语

1. the population of…...的人口 2. be in danger 处于危险之中
2. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事 4. as far as I know 据我所知
3. man-made objects 人造物体 6. part of...... 的组成部分
4. the highest mountain 最高的山脉 8. in the world 在世界上
5. any other mountain 其他任何一座山 10. all the salt lakes 所有的咸水湖
6. run along 绵延，横亘… … 12. freezing weather condition冰冻天气
7. take in .. 吸入，吞入.. 14. endangered animals 濒危动物
8. in the face of difficulties 面临危险 16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
9. achieve one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量
10. reach the top 到达顶峰 20. even though 虽然;尽管
11. at birth 在出生的时候 22. be awake 醒着
12. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人
13. fall over 摔倒 27. every two years  每两年
14. the first people to do sth. 第一个做…的人
15. cut down the forests 砍伐林木 30. protect…from…阻止
16. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性

二、重点句型与知识点小结

1. It is adj. + (for sb) to do sth.

如：It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.

当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。

2. …is because...

One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.

其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时 挑战自己。

3. …show(s) that...

The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.

这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应 该放弃实现自己的梦想。

4, 表达事物的长，宽，高， sth. /sb. +be+数量+单位+形容词long, wide, tall, deep。 如：The river is 2 meters deep.     Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.

long---length (n. 长度)       wide---width (n.宽度)

deep---depth(n.深度)        high----height(n.高度)

the length/depth/ width/height/size of sth? …的长度/深度/宽度/高度/面积

How high/ deep/tall/ wide/ long/ is...?

 

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?

一、重点短语

1. on page 25 在第2 5 页 2. the back of the book 书的背面
2. hurry up 赶快;匆忙 4. in two weeks 在两周之内
3. an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿
4. write about 写作关于……的内容 7. finish doing sth. 做完某事
5. wait for another ship 等待另艘船到来 9. learn to do sth. 学会做某事
6. grow fruits and vegetables种水果和蔬菜11. a few weeks ago 几个星期前
7. 12. the marks of another man’ s feet另一个人的脚印
8. belong to 属于 14. not long after that 不久之后
9. run towards sp. 跑向某地 16. use... to do sth. 用……来做某事
10. have been to sp. 去过某地 18. can’t put down 爱不释手
11. 19. signs left behind by someone某人留下的标记
12. science fiction 科幻小说 21. enjoy success in享受……的成功
13. can’twait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事23. at the end of the day傍晚的时候
14. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法
15. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事 26. study abroad 在国外学习
16. due to 由于，因为 28. come to realize 开始意识到
17. ever since then 自从那时起 30. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
18. 31. the southern states of America美国的南部地区
19. be kind to each other 善待彼此
20. trust one another 互相信任 34. the beauty of nature 大自然的美
21. do some research on sth. 对…做研究 36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事
22. the firs t line in the song歌曲的第一行

二、重点句型

1. --Have you read little Women yet?你读过《小妇人》吗？

--Yes，I have. /No, I haven’t.        是的，我读过。/ 不，我没有。

2. --Has T in a read Treasure Island yet?蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗？

--Yes, she has. She thinks i t ’ s fantastic.是的，她读过。她觉得它很棒。

3. 3. I heard you lost your key.我听说你丢钥匙了。
4. 4.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.

她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。

三、知识点小结

1. succeed. V. 成功 succeed in doing sth.  He succeeded in finishing the work.

success n. “成功”不可数，

如：Confidence is the key to success. 自信是成功的关键。

success n. “成功的人，事物”

如：He is a great success.他是一个很成功的人。

successful adj. 成功的，     successfully adv. 成功地

2. be full of 充满 = be filled with 充满

如：The cup is full of water =The cup is filled with water.

be full for sb 对…很忙 This week is full for me .

3. hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事） (用在口语中，用来催促别人快走）

in a hurry=in one’s hurry匆忙地 hurry to do sth 匆忙去做 hurry sb. 催促某人

4. think of / think about / think over辨析：

（1）think of, 固定短语，表示“提到（某人、某物、某事或某主意等），考虑，思考，对?.有某种看法”，后接名词，代词、动词-ing形式。

-- What do you think of your Chinese teacher? --- I like her very much.

(2) think of 表示“思考，考虑，对?.有某种看法”时，可以与think about 互换。 What do you think of the movie? = What do you think about the movie?

(3) think of 表示“相出，想着，想起”时，不可用think about 代替。

I always think of my childhood. (4) think over意为“仔细考虑，认真考虑”，强调思考的程度比think of/ about深。相当于think about?.. carefully. 其中over是副词，宾语若是名词，则可位于over之前或之后；当宾语是代词时，则必须放在over之前。

Think it over before you do it. 三思而后行

 

Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?

一、重点词汇与短语：

1. space museum太空博物馆 2. amusement park娱乐公园
2. water park水上公园 4. take the subway乘地铁
3. lead to 导致；通向 6. during the daytime 在白天
4. have a great time玩得愉快 8. end up结束
5. a theme park主题公园 10. many famous characters许多著名人物
6. hear of听说 12. in the same place在同一个地方
7. most of  大多数的... 14. in fact 事实上
8. a tour guide 一名导游 16. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事
9. start doing sth. 开始做某事 18. start to do sth. 开始做某事
10. take a holiday 度假 20. three quarters 四分之三
11. all the year round 一年到头，终年   22. a couple of 两个，一对，几个
12. an English-speaking country 一个讲英语的国家
13. on the one hand, on the other hand? 一方面, 另一方面,
14. encourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事26. be far from…离…远
15. tea set 茶具 28. size and location 大小和位置

二、重点句型：

1. --Have you ever been to…?        --你曾经去过游乐园吗？

--Yes，I have. / No，I haven’t.   --是的，去过。/不，没去过。

I/He/ She have / has never been to… 我\他\她从没去过…

I/He/ She have / has been to…many times. 我\他\她去过…很多次。

I’d like to go there again. 我还想再去一次。

2. It’s a good way to spend a Saturday afternoon. 那是度过周六下午的好方法
3. It’s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way.

令人难于置信的是科技以这么快的速度发展。

It是形式主语，真正主语是that引导的从句

4. It also encourages governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future.

它也鼓励政府和社会团体思考将来改进厕所的方法

三、精讲

1.  辨析：have been to＋sp.与 have gone to ＋sp.

① have been to ＋sp., 表示去过某处，现在已经回来了，不在那里了。

We have been to Qingdao. 我们去过青岛。（现在不在青岛）

② have gone to ＋sp., 表示到某处去了，现在还没有回来，可能在那里或在去的途中。

They have gone to Sydney. 他们去悉尼了。（现在在悉尼或在途中）

③have been in ＋sp., 表示在某处呆过多长时间。

How long have you been in China? 你在中国住了多长时间？

2. neither, nor用法相同，都用于否定的倒装，意为“也不”。 so用于肯定的倒装。意为“也”。

①否定句＋neither/nor＋be(have, 助动词或情态动词)＋另一主语，表示“也不”。 If you won’t go, neither will I. 如果你不去，我也不去。

He isn’t a teacher, neither am I. 他不是老师，我也不是。

②肯定句＋so＋be(have, 助动词或情态动词)＋另一主语，表示“也”。

She likes apples, so does her brother. 她喜欢苹果，她弟弟也喜欢。

He is from the USA, so is his wife. 他是美国人，他妻子也是。

③neither…nor… 既不…也不…   谓语动词单复数采取就近原则

Neither he nor I am well educated.

3. 辨析：hear，hear of与hear from

(1)hear为及物动词，意为“听见，听到”，后可跟复合宾语，

hear sb do sth表示“听见某人做了某事”或hear sb doing sth表示“听见某人正做某事”。

We listened but could hear nothing. 我们留心听，却什么也没有听见。

I heard her singing in her room. 我听见她正在房间里唱歌。

(2)hear还可作“听说”讲，后常跟that引导的宾语从句。

I heard that he was ill. 我听说他病了。

I heard that it’s a good film. 我听说那是部好影片。

(3)hear of意为“听说”，后跟人或物作宾语。

I’ve never heard of that place. 我从未听说过那个地方。

Have you ever heard of that story? 你听说过那个故事吗？

(4)hear from意为“收到某人的来信”，后跟人作宾语。

How often do you hear from your sister? 你多长时间收到你姐姐的一次信？

I heard from him last week. 我上周收到他的信。

4.辨析. find，find out与look for都含有“寻找，找到”的意思，但其含义和用法却不同。

(1)find意为“找到，发现”, 通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况，强调的是找的结果。

Will you find me a pen? 你替我找支钢笔好吗？

He didn’t find his bike. 他没找到他的自行车。

(2)look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。

I don’t find my pen；I’m looking for it everywhere.

我没有找到我的钢笔，我正到处找。

(3)find out意为“找出，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚，弄明白”，通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义，指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。

Please find out when the train leaves.

请查一下火车什么时候离站。

Read this passage，and find out the answer to this question.

读这篇短文，找出这个问题的答案。

5. other，others，the other，the others，another，any other，any others

(1)other作形容词，通常用在单数或复数名词的前面，意为“别的；其他的；另外的”。 I'll come again some other day. 我改日再来。

(2)others(=other+复数名词) 泛指“部分”，用于已知的一些人或物中，除去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。

The students of Class Four are cleaning the classroom. Some are carrying water，others are sweeping the floor.

四班的学生们在打扫教室。一些人在打水，另一些人在扫地。

(3)the other: the other表示已知的两个（或两部分）人或事物中，特指的“另一个”或“另一些”, 其后可跟单数或复数名词。

I have two brothers. One is a doctor，and the other is a teacher.

我有两个兄弟。一位是医生，另一位是教师。

(4)the others(=the other+复数名词)指一定范围内除去一个或一部分后，“余下的人或物的全部”。

This composition is better than the others. 这篇作文比其他那些都好。

(5)another泛指不定数中（三者或三者以上）的“另一个”。another前面不能用定冠词the，它作为限定词（定语）通常与单数名词连用，但是它后面可以跟few或基数词的复数名词。

This glass is broken，get me another please. 这只玻璃杯坏了，请给我再拿一个。

I'll stay here in another few days. 我要在这儿再呆几天。

注意：other和another都可以用来修饰数词，表示“另外的；附加的”，但是结构不同。other的位置是“数词+other+复数名词”，相当于more的用法；而another则是“another+数词+复数名词”。 今天下午我又写了两封信。

I wrote another two letters this afternoon. =I wrote two other letters this afternoon. =I wrote two more letters this afternoon.

(6)any other 表示一个之外的其它任何一个，而不是两个之中的另一个。

(7)any others 表示一些之外的其他一些。

 

Unit 10   I’ve had this bike for three years.

一、重点短语：

1. have a yard sale 举行庭院拍卖会 2. bring sth. back 带回, 使回忆
2. consider doing sth 考虑做什么 4. in need 需要
3. board games 棋类游戏 6. check out察看；观察
4. no longer 不再 8. at first 起初
5. as for 至于,关于 10. close to…靠…近的
6. to be honest 老实说，说实话 12. millions of 数百万的
7. search for 搜寻，找寻                 14. across from = opposite 在?对面
8. according to 依据，按照 16. Regard…as…把…看作为…
9. part with sth. = give up sth. 放弃，交出
10. clear out sth. = clear sth. out 收拾，整理；丢掉，清理
11. in one’s opinion 依某人的观点来看

二、句型

1. Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year.

有些人仍然住在家乡。然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。

2. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest，I have not played for a while now.

至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣。但是，说实在 的，我现在已经有一段时间没有踢(足球)了。

3. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?

你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？

4. What would you do with the money you raise?

你会怎么处理你所筹集到的钱？

三、与现在完成时连用的时间状语：

already (肯定句)；yet (否定或疑问)；just；before；never；ever；recently最近；so far 到目前为止；

表示次数的词，如：once, twice, three times；

for+时间段= since+时间段+ago；

since+过去时间点,since+过去时的句子, how long, these days等

附：常见的非延续动词转换为延续性动词表。

1. 转换为相应的延续性动词。

borrow — keep      buy — have       put on — wear

catch/get a cold — have a cold          get to know — know

get to sleep — sleep

2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”

close — be closed        open — be open           die — be dead

become — be            fall sleep — be asleep

wake up — be awake   finish/end — be over

fall/get ill — be ill lose — be lost/missing

marry — be married leave (+地点) — be away (from +地点)

come back/go back/return — be back begin / start — be on

go out — be out         get up — be up

go to bed — be in bed join — be in/be a member of

get to/arrive in(at)/reach — be (in/at)       come to/go to/move to — be (in/at)