人教版七年级下册文言文重点字词解释

2022年10月6日22:29:33七年级下册文言文382阅读模式

孙权劝学

初,权谓吕蒙曰:“卿(         )今当涂(         )掌事,不可不学!”蒙辞(      )以(      )军中多务(          )。权曰:“孤(      )岂欲卿治经(           )为博士(                      )邪(      )!但(      )当涉猎(                      ),见(      )往事(          )耳。 卿言多务,孰(      )若孤?孤常读书,自以为(        )大有所益。”蒙乃(      )始就学。及(    )鲁肃过(          )寻阳,与蒙论议大惊曰:“卿今者(      )才略(         ),非复(      )吴下阿蒙!”蒙曰:“士别三日,即更(         )刮目相待(                        ),大兄(          )何见事(              )之(        )晚乎!”肃遂(      )拜蒙母,结友而(      )别。

木兰诗

愿为市鞍马(        ) 军书十二卷  (      ) 旦辞爷娘去  (     ) 但闻黄河流水鸣溅溅 (    )

万里赴戎机 (       ) 朔气传金柝  (      )对镜帖花黄 (     )  双兔傍地走(            )

卖油翁

陈康肃公(        )善(     )射,当世无双 ,公亦以(      )此自矜(    )。尝(     )射于(     )家圃(      ),有卖油翁释(    )担而(      )立,睨(      )之(     ),久而不去(     )。康肃问曰:“汝亦知射乎?吾射(           )不亦精(     )乎?” 翁曰:“无他, 但(    )手熟尔(    )。” 康肃忿然(    )曰:“尔(    )安敢轻(      )吾射?” 翁曰:“以(    )我酌(         )油知之(        )。” 乃(    )取一葫芦置(     )于(    )地,以(     )钱覆(    )其(      )口,徐(      )以(    )杓(    )酌油沥(    )之(    ),自(    )钱孔入,而(    )钱不湿。因(      )曰:“我亦无他, 惟(    )手熟尔。” 康肃笑而(        )遣(       )之(    )。

 

《短文两篇》

(一)山不在高,有仙则(     )名(    )。水不在深,有龙则灵(    )。斯(   )是(      )陋室,惟(      )吾德馨(         )。苔痕上(     )阶绿,草色入(    )帘青。谈笑有鸿儒(           ),往来无白丁(     )。可以调素琴(         ),阅金经(   )。无丝竹(            )之(   )乱(    )耳,无案牍(           )之(           )劳(       )形(    )。南阳诸葛庐,西蜀子云亭。孔子云(   ):

何陋之有(                    )?

(二)水陆草木之(     )花,可爱者甚(    )蕃(    )。晋陶渊明独(   )爱菊;自(   )李唐来,世人甚爱牡丹;予独爱莲之(        )出淤泥而(      )不染(   ),濯(   )清涟(      )而(    )不妖(      ),中通(   )外直,不蔓(         )不枝(         ),香远(      )益(      )清(      ),亭亭(        )净(     )植(   ),可远观(          )而(      )不可亵玩(        )焉。予谓(     )菊,花之(    )隐逸者(     )也;牡丹,花之(    )富贵者也;莲,花之(   )君子者也。噫!菊之(   )爱(      ),陶后鲜(    )有闻;莲之(    )爱,同予者(     )何人?牡丹之(   )爱,宜(       )乎众(    )矣。

河中石兽

沧州南一寺临河干(       ),山门(    )于(       )河,二石兽(      )沉焉(       )。(       )十岁,僧募金重修,(      )二石兽于(       )水中,(       )不可得,以为(       )顺流下矣。(         )数小舟,(       )铁耙,寻十余里无迹。

一讲学者设帐(        )寺中,闻之(       ),笑曰:“尔辈(        )不能究物理(           ),(   )非木柿(       ),岂能为(       )暴涨携之(       )去?乃(       )石性坚重,沙性松浮,(       )于(       )沙上,渐沉渐深耳(       )。沿河求之(       ),不亦(          )乎?”众服为确论。(                  )

一老河兵闻之(       )。又笑日:“凡河中失石,当求之(       )于(       )上流。盖(       )石性坚重,沙性松浮,水不能冲石,其(       )反激之(       )力,必于(       )石下迎水处(      )沙为(       )坎穴(           )。渐激渐深,至石之(       )半,石必倒掷坎穴中。如是(       )再啮,石又再转。转转不(   ),(      )反溯流(          )逆上矣。求之(       )下流,固颠;求之(       )地中,不更颠乎?”(       )其(       )言,果得之(       )于(       )数里外。然则(              )天下之(       )事,(      )知其一,不知其二(    )多矣,可据理臆断(          )欤(        )?

 

 

 

句子翻译:

《孙权劝学》

1.初,权谓吕蒙曰:“卿今当涂掌事,不可不学。”蒙辞以军中多务。

                                                                                                

                                                                                            

2.“孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪?但当涉猎,见往事耳。卿言多务,孰若孤?孤常读书,自以为大有所益。”

                                                                                                

                                                                                            

3.蒙乃始就学。及鲁肃过寻阳,与蒙论议,大惊曰:

                                                                                                

4.士别三日,即更刮目相待,大兄何见事之晚乎?

                                                                                                

5.卿今者才略,非复吴下阿蒙!

                                                                                                

6.肃遂拜蒙母,结友而别。

                                                                                               

《木兰诗》

1.东市买骏马,西市买鞍鞯,南市买辔头,北市买长鞭。

                                                                                               

2.将军百战死,壮士十年归。

                                                                                               

3.开我东阁门,坐我西阁床。

                                                                                               

4.当窗理云鬓,对镜帖花黄。

                                                                                               

5. 万里赴戎机,关山度若飞。

                                                                                               

6. 朔气传金柝,寒光照铁衣。

                                                                                               

7. 愿为市鞍马,从此替爷征。

                                                                                               

8. 雄兔脚扑朔,雌兔眼迷离;

                                                                                               

9.双兔傍地走,安能辨我是雄雌?

                                                                                               

陋室铭

1.山不在高,有仙则名。水不在深,有龙则灵。

                                                                                               

2.斯是陋室,惟吾德馨。苔痕上阶绿,草色入帘青。

                                                                                               

3.谈笑有鸿儒,往来无白丁。可以调素琴,阅金经。

                                                                                               

4.无丝竹之乱耳,无案牍之劳形。

                                                                                               

5.南阳诸葛庐,西蜀子云亭。孔子云:“何陋之有?”

                                                                                               

《爱莲说》

1.水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃。

                                                                                               

2.晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人甚爱牡丹。

                                                                                               

3.予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香远益清,亭亭净植,可远观而不可亵玩焉。

                                                                                               

                                                                                               

4.予谓菊,花之隐逸者也;牡丹,花之富贵者也;莲,花之君子者也。

                                                                                               

5.噫!菊之爱,陶后鲜有闻;莲之爱,同予者何人;牡丹之爱,宜乎众矣。

                                                                                               

《卖油翁》

1.陈康肃公善射,当世无双 ,公亦以此自矜。

                                                                                              

2.尝射于家圃,有卖油翁释担而立,

                                                                                                  

3. 睨之,久而不去。

                                                                                                  

4.见其发矢十中八九,但微颔之。

                                                                                                  

5.康肃问曰:“汝亦知射乎?吾射不亦精乎?”

                                                                                                  

6.翁曰:“无他, 但手熟尔。”

                                                                                                  

7.康肃忿然曰:“尔安敢轻吾射?”

                                                                                                  

8.翁曰:“以我酌油知之。”

                                                                                                  

9.乃取一葫芦置于地,以钱覆其口,

                                                                                              

10.徐以杓酌油沥之,自钱孔入,而钱不湿。

                                                                                               

11.因曰:“我亦无他, 惟手熟尔。” 康肃笑而遣之。

                                                                                           

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