中考英语专题复习时态语态复习

时态语态

• 考点

掌握六大时态以及对应的被动语态的构成、用法

• 知识讲解

时态

①一般现在时

构成：谓语动词三单或原形

用法：

a.现在经常性或习惯性动作、长期存在的特征或状态。常见时间状语：表示频率的副词always, often, usually, sometimes等；表示频率的词组 once a year, twice a month, three times a year等；

on Sundays, on Monday afternoons, every day, every morning, every year等时间状语。

b.普遍真理、客观事实。

c.条件、时间状语从句主将从现。

 

同步练习

1. This girl is ready to help people any time. When she is on the bus, she alwaysher seat to someone in need.
2. gives          B. give          C. gave          D. giving

2.Betty will ring me up when she _______ in Beijing.

1. arrive          B. arrives        C. arrived        D. will arrive
2. Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she______back.
3. came          B. comes         C. would come    D. will come

4.Henry will give us a report as soon as he        .

1. arrives         B. arrived        C.is arriving       D.will arrive

5.In Chongqing, you can often see many people dance outside together if it ______ in the

evening.

1. rains B．doesn’t rain C．will rain     D．won’t rain

答案ABBAB

 

②一般过去时

构成：谓语动词过去式

用法：

a.表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。常接时间状语：last night, yesterday, the day before yesterday, yesterday evening, just now, “段时间+ago”, once upon a time，the other day, in 1990, at that time, this morning等。副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc.

b.表示过去习惯或经常发生的动作。（过去常常做某事也可以用used to do sth. 来表示）

c.在语境中，表示“刚才，在过去”,暗示现在已“不再这样”

Look at the sign. “No smoking”---Sorry, I didn't see it.

 

同步练习

1.—Where were you last Saturday?—I ____ in the Capital Museum.

1. am    B. will be     C. was    D. have been
2. I know a little about Thailand, as Ithere three years ago.
3. have been       B. have gone      C. will go      D. went
4. Lucy ______ a student last year, but now she ______ a teacher.
5. is; is     B. was；is      C. was；will be     D. is；was

4.The old man _____ in Shanghai, but he _____ in Haikou now.

A．be born; live  B．was born ；live  C．is born; lives  D．was born; lives

5. He ______ go out with his parents, but now he ______ staying at home alone.

A.used to； is used to      B. is used to； used to     C. use to； is used to

答案CDBDA

 

③一般将来时

构成：will/be going to+动词原形

用法：一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。常见时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year...),soon,the day after tomorrow(后天）in the future（将来），in+一段时间等。

a.will+动词原形（注意：a. 当句中主语是I或者we时，一般用shall,表示征求对方意见)说话时临时做的决定；固有属性，必然趋势

b.be going to+动词原形, 表示计划、打算做某事；表示根据已有迹象对将来的推断。

c.某些词，如： arrive，borrow，come，fly，go，leave，move，start，stay，stop，take off等瞬间动词的现在进行时也可表示将来，表示即将发生或安排好的要做的事情。

We are leaving for Shanghai.

 

同步练习

1. We are glad to hear that the greens _____ to a new flat next week.
2. move     B. moved     C. will move     D. have moved
3. Put your hands behind your back. don’t speak. We _____ in ten minutes.
4. back         B. will be back      C. are back     D. are back to you
5. My sister wants a new dress. Sheit to the party.

A.wears     B. has worn    C. wore     D. is going to wear

4. —When ______ you ______ reading Jane Eyre?—It’s hard to say. I’m busy recently.
5. did; finish     B. have; finished     C. will; finish      D. do; finish
6. If it ________ this Saturday, we ________ for a picnic.
7. won’t rain; shall go   B. doesn’t rain; will go
8. isn’t rain; go         D. doesn’t rain; go

6.—Look at the noisy kids!—Haven’t you heard the saying “When the cat is away, the mice ______?”

1. play     B. played      C. are playing       D. will play

答案CBDCBD

 

④现在进行时

构成：am/is/are+doing

用法：表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作,表示现阶段正在进行而说话此刻不一定进行的动作或持续的状态。常见时间状语时间状语：now, at the moment, these days或者句中含有look, listen, can/can’t you see之类的暗示词。

 

同步练习

1. Where's Tom'?  His motherhim now.
2. is looking for     B. will look for     C. has looked for    D. Looks for
3. Look! The boys _______ football on the playground.
4. plays        B. play          C. are playing        D. played

3.—What’s the weather like?—Oh, it ___ outside. Take an umbrella with you.

1. rains      B. is raining     C. was raining     D. rained

4.You can’t use the bathroom right now.  Robbie ______ a shower.

1. takes           B. will take         C. is taking

答案ACBC

 

⑤过去进行时

构成：was/were+doing

用法：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的事情或动作。常见的时间状语：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, last evening‚含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句，区别之处在于如果从句和主句动作有先后发生顺序且进行时间较长，when和while都可引导；而当从句和主句同时发生或无所谓先后时，只能由while引导。

注意：When 和while引导的时间状语从句中，如果动词为非延续性动词，常用一般过去式，不用过去进行时。例句如下：

同步练习

1-What were you doing this time yesterday?-I ____ on the grass and drawing a picture.

A.sit     B. sat     C. am sitting     D. was sitting

2. She ____ to an English program while her parents ____ TV.
3. was listening; is watching          B. listened; were watching
4. was listening; watched             D. was listening; were watching

3.- Has your friend completed his design?- Not yet. He ________ on it last night.

1. worked B. has worked C. is working    D. was working
2. —I saw Mr Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning.

—That’s impossible. He __________ an English party with us then.

A.has       B. had       C. was having      D. has had

答案DDDC

 

 

⑥过去将来时

构成：would/was、were going to 动词原形

用法：

• would+do(动词原形)，表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。例句：

He asked when the meeting would start.

• was/were going to + do(动词原形)，表示曾经打算、准备要做的动作。例句：

 

同步练习

The official said they _____ a new law to protect the tourists the next year.

1. makes   B. would make     C.made     D.have made

 

⑦现在完成时

构成：have/has+动词的过去分词

用法：

1. 表示发生在过去的或已经完成的对现在仍有影响的动作。常和already, ever, just, never, recently, yet等副词连用
2. 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，并持续到现在，也许还要持续下去常和for+时间段，since+时间点/从句（一般过去时）连用。
3. have/has been to表示某人曾经去过某地，并且已经回来have/has gone to表示某人已经去了某地，但还没回来have/has been in表示某人已经去了某地并呆了一段时间，但还没回来。
4. for和since的区分
5. 一般过去时和现在完成时的区分
6. 非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转化