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中考英语词汇题型及考点归纳
中考词汇题是很多地方的中考题型之一，它不但可以考查考生的拼写能力，而且还考查考生运用所学词汇进行语言交际能力。它考查的内容广，涉及到词汇、时态、语态及英语惯用法等知识，是对考生的英语综合能力的考查。
纵观2014年的中考词汇考题在题型与考点上呈现出下列特点。
一、题型方面
在题型方面主要有以下题型：
1.根据句意及首字母提示写单词。
【考例】(2014山东泰安)
根据句意和首字母提示写单词。
- Do you know who is the o_____ of the garden?
- The foreigner spoke slowly and c_____ so that everybody could follow him.
- I felt very n_____ when I first made a speech in public.
【解析】
66.owner。根据该词前的定冠词the可知，这里是名词，结合句意，应为owner。
67.clearly。根据该句的并列结构slowly and …可知，该词为副词，结合句意，应为clearly。
68.nervoue。根据句意可知，说话人指自己第一次发言紧张，故填写形容词nervous。
2.根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。
【考例】(2014山东滨州)根据句意及汉语提示，填写句中所缺单词。
- There are nearly four _______ (百) students in our grade.
- Excuse me, do you have a __________ (字典) in your school bag?
- The baby is so young that he can _______ （几乎不） dress himself.
- This toy isn’t Kate’s . ________ (她的) is on the bed.
- December is the ________ (第十二)month of the year.
- My daughter ________ (更喜欢)drawing to singing.
- Mary has curly hair an she is of medium _______(高度).
- The restaurant is _________ (在……后面) the bookstore.
- The _______ (医学的)level in the city is better than that in the countryside,.
- The second Sunday in May is ___________ (母亲节)Day.
【解析】
66.hundred。因为前面有four,故直接写出hundred即可。
67dictionary。因为前面有不定冠词a，故dictionary不变为复数。
68.hardly。 “几乎不”为副词hardly。
69.Hers。该词为物主代词，因为单独做句子主语，故应为名词性物主代词hers。
70.twelfth。“第十二”为序数词twelfth。
71.prefers。这里的“更喜欢“作句子的谓语，因此，应使用动词prefer，由于句子主语为第三人称单数，故prefer应加—s。
72.height。因为前面有of，故这里的“高度”为名词height。
73.behind. “在……后面”为介词behind。
74.medical。“医学的”为形容词medical。
75.Mother’s。“母亲”在这里为特指，故应大写。因为她作day的定语，应使用名词所有格。
3.根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
【考例】（2014江苏南京）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
- The twin brothers always keep ______ (argue) about what TV programs to watch.
- It’s easy for local people ________ (choose) various goods in Sunnyside Shopping Mall.
- Students in some junior schools can________ (learn) to play tennis or baseball in PE lessons.
49.Many students are _______ (happy) with too much homework. They need more time for their hobbies.
【解析】
46.asrguing。动词keep后的动词须用动名词形式，故argue应为arguing。
- to choose。在It’s adj for sb to do sth句型中，动词使用不定式形式，故choose应为to choose。
48.learn。情态动词can后的动词用原形。
49.unhappy。根据句意可知，学生梦对太多的作业不是高兴而是不高兴，故happy因为改为否定形式的形容词unhappy。
4.根据句子意思，从方框中选择恰当的单词完成句子。
【考例】(2014浙江温州)用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
| sky deep repair beside tonight |
- The new city library is ______ a quiet park.
- There are a few bird kites flying high in the ______.
- Captain Sea is ______ than any other salt lake in the world.
- Mrs. Wu was doing the dished while her husband was _____ his bike.
- I’m going to see the new movie The Amazing Spider Man 2 with Dora _____.
【解析】
1.beside。根据句意可知：新图书馆在一个安静的公园旁边，故选beside。
2.sky。因为鸟是在天上飞，故选sky。
3.deeper。因为句中有比较连词than，故形容词deep应该为比较级形式deeper。
4.repairing。根据句中的was可知，repair正在进行，故应为现在分词repairing。
5.tonight.
(五)根据首字母和汉语提示，写出单词。
【考例】（2014安徽）
根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写， 使句意明确， 语言通顺。
- The Internet is becoming a u_______ (有用的)tool for students.
97.We feel it is our d_______ (责任) to help each other.
- You are b ________ (勇敢的)enough to accept such a difficult job.
- I’m afraid we have to c________ (取消) the meeting.
- Bob has many story books and he often s_______ (分享) them with hisfriends.
【考例】96useful. 97 duty. 98 brave 99.conceal 100. shares
二、考点分布
（一）名词的用法
主要考查名词的可数与不可数、单复数、名词所有格、固定搭配、字母的大小写和单词的拼写。
【考例】
1.（四川宜宾）We usually have _________ (面包) for breakfast.
2.（宁波）Sorry, I took your umbrella by _______ (错误)
3.（四川广安）Deng Xiaoping was born on _________ (八月)22nd, 1904.
4.（四川广安）I often have _______ (面条) for dinner.
【解析】
1.bread。不可数名词。
2.mistake。by mistake（错误地）固定结构。
3.August。考查单词的拼写。
4.noodles。考查名词的复数形式。
（二）动词的用法
主要考查动词的时态、语态及人称和数的变化；动词非谓语形式的用法。
【考例】
1.（四川宜宾）Do you know the person ________ (跑) after the bus ?
2.(宁波) . Last year many of his short stories were t_____ into some foreign languages.
3.（南京）Madee felt proud when she _______ (升起) the national flag in the playground this Monday.
- （江苏盐城）The person who is the earliest will get what her or she _____(want)
【解析】
1.running。考查动词现在分词作定语用法。
2.translated。考查被动语态用法。
3.rose。考查动词的一般过去时态用法。
4.wants。考查动词一般现在时用法。
（三）形容词和副词的用法
考查形容词和副词两种词性的区别、转换规则；形容词、副词的比较级最高级用法；同一含义的形容词、副词用法区别。
【考例】
1.（宁波）Be quiet, please. I can’t hear the teacher _______(清楚).
2.（南京）Stephen was ________ (忙碌的) with the report on giant pandas last week.
3.（四川广安）Have you heard the ________(最新的) news?
4.（山东济宁）Most foreign visitors are very _______ (兴趣) in Chinese traditional culture.
【解析】
1.clearly。考查副词作动词状语。
2.busy。考查形容词作表语。
3.newest。考查形容词最高级用法。
4interested。考查“兴趣”的表语形容词用法。
（四）数词的用法
考查基数词和序数词的区别，固定搭配、习惯用法和数词的拼写。
【考例】
1.（南京）Jiangnan Examination Office in Confucius Temple attracted _______ （千） of tourists on China Tourism Day this year.
2.（江苏扬州）. Two ______ of the students have read the book Alice in Wonderfulland.(five)
3.（湖北黄冈）Early in the______ （ 二十） century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams.
【解析】
1.thousands。考查数词thousand的用法。
2.fifth。考查基数词变序数词的拼写。
3.twentieth。考查基数词变序数词的规则。
（五）代词的用法
主要考查人称代词的主格宾格用法、形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别、人称代词的拼写。
【考例】
1.（四川宜宾）God helps those who help ________ (他们自己).
2.（江苏泰州）Oh, dear! My iphone doesn’t work . Would you please lend me ______ (you)_?
3.（江苏扬州）3.Kids, help _______ to some fruit, it’s good for your health. (you)
4.（云南）I don’t know whether the dream can come true, but I will try ______ best.(I)
【解析】
1.themselves。考查反身代词用法。
2.yours。考查名词性物主代词作宾语用法。
3.yourselves。考查反身代词用法。
4.my。考查形容词性物主代词用法。
【中考真题专练】
2014年综合运用题（词汇运用）
- 浙江丽水
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次，每空限填一词。
| improve own please relax weak |
- Who is the _____ of the new sports car? \
- Just sit down and try to ______ for a while, Grace.
- Linda’s health has _______ greatly since she started on this new diet.
- Li Mingis _______ in English, so he needs to spend more time on it.
- My parents told me Ms. Smith was really _____ with my work last term.
2.福州
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空
| easy knife health give safe |
- We can find the museum ______ with Baidu Map.
- Would you mind _______ up your seat to the old man ?
- Exercise an hour every day, and you can keep ______.
- For your _______, you’d better not travel to Vietnam.
- The waiter puts a fork and two _____ on the dinner table.
