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八年级上册英语基础知识
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
一、词组、短语：
1、go on vacation去度假 ，2、 stay at home 呆在家， 3、go to the mountains 上山/进山 ，
4、 go to the beach到海边去，5、visit museums 参观博物馆，6、go to summer camp 去夏令营，
7、 quite a few 相当多， 8、study for为……学习， 9、go out 出去，
10、most of the time 大部分时间/绝大多数时间， 11、taste good 尝起来味道好，
12、have a good time玩的开心，13、of course当然可以， 14、feel like感觉像……/想要,
15、 go shopping购物， 16、in the past 在过去， 17、walk around绕……走，
18、too many 太多（可数名词前面）， 19、because of 因为， 20、one bowl of 一碗……,
21、find out 查出来/发现 ， 22、go on继续， 23、take photos 照相，
24、something important重要的事情， 25、up and down上上下下， 26、come up出来 [来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
二、重要句子（语法）：
1.Where did you go on vacation?你到哪里去度假了？I went to New York City.我去了纽约城
2.Did you go out with anyone? 你出去带人吗？
No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.不，没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。
3.Did you buy anything special?你买了什么特别的东西吗？
Yes, I bought something for my father.对，我给父亲买了一些东西。
4.How was the food? 食物怎么样？ Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。
5.Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗？ Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.对，一切都很精彩。
三、习惯用法、搭配
- buy sth.for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来……
- nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来
- 5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地 decide to do sth. 决定做某事
- try doing sth. 尝试做某事try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
- want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
- look + adj 看起来13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
- Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢？15. so + adj + that + 从句如此…以至于……
- tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事
- forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
四、词语辨析：
1.anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。
①anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can’t find it anywhere.
②somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.
- ①seem + 形容词看起来….. You seem happy today.
②seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold 我好像感冒了。
③I seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像…；似乎…. It seems that no one believe you.
④seem like ….好像，似乎….. It seems like a god idea.
- ①decide to do sth.决定做某事They decide to visit the museum.
②decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.
- start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换。He started doing his homework.
- over 介词，多于，超过，在…以上（表示数目、程度）= more than
My father is over 40 years old.
在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard.
超过： I hear the news over the radio. 遍及： I want to travel all over the world.
- too many 太多，后接可数名词复数：Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.
too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do.
Don’t talk too much.
much too太，修饰形容词或副词。 The hat is much too big for me. You’re walking much too fast.
分辨三者的口诀：too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。
- because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。
He can’t take a walk because of the rain.
because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
一、词组、短语：
1、help with housework 帮助做家务活，2、go shopping 购物，3、on weekends 在周末，
4、how often 多久一次， 5、hardly ever几乎不， 6、once a week 每周一次，
7、twice a month每月二次， 8、go to the movies去看电影， 9、every day 每天，
10、use the Internet上网/用网 11、be free有空，12、have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈钢琴课 ，
13、swing dance摇摆舞 14、play tennis 打网球， 15、stay up late熬夜，16、at least至少，
17、go to bed early 早睡， 18、 play sports 做运动， 19、be good for 对…有好处，
20、go camping去野营， 21、in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间，22、not….at all 根本不，
23、the most popular 最流行， 24、such as例如， 25、go to the dentist去看牙医，
26、more than 超过/多于，27、Old habits die hard.旧习惯难改。 28、 hard=difficult 困难的 ， [来源:学科网]
29、less than 少于/不到
二、重要句子（语法）：
1.What do you usually do on weekends?你周末通常做什么？ I always exercise.总是锻炼身体。
2.What do they do on weekends?他们周末干什么？ They often help with housework.他们经常帮助干家务活。
3.What does she do on weekends? 她周末干什么？ She sometimes goes shopping.她有时购物。
4.How often do you go to the movies? 你多久看电影一次？
I go to the movies maybe once a month.可能一个月看一次。
5.How often does he watch TV?他多久看电视一次？He hardly ever watches TV.他几乎不看电视。
6.Do you go shopping? 你购物吗？ No, I never go shopping.不，我从来就不购物。
三、习惯用法、搭配
- help sb.with sth 帮助某人做某事 2. How about…? =What about…? .怎么样？/ .好不好？
- want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事4. How many + 可数名词复数….有多少…..
- 主语+ find+that 从句…发现… 6. It’s + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是….的
- spend timewith sb. 和某人一起度过时光8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事
- by doing sth. 通过做某事10. What’s your favorite…..? 你最喜欢的……是什么？
11 start doing sth. 开始做某事 12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式
四、词语辨析
- how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。
How often do you play sports? Three times a week.
how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。
How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?
how far 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? It’s about 2 kilometers.
- free 空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.
I’ll be free next week. = I’ll have time next week.
还可作“免费的、自由的”解。be free to do sth. 自由地做某事。
The tickets are free. You’re free to go or to stay.
- How come？怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。
How come Tom didn’t come to the party? = Why didn’t Tom come to the party?
（1）stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。 Don’t stay up late next time.
5.（1）go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.（2）go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.
6.（1）find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.
（2）find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty.
（3）find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door.
- percent 百分数，基数词+ percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。
Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.
- more than 超过，多于，不仅仅，相当于over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.
- afraid 形容词，担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。
I’m afraid we can’t come here on time.
be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。
Some children are afraid of the dark. Don’t be afraid of asking question.
I’m afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： I’m afraid I have to go now.
- sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：
sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. ------How often do you get up?
sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when. I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. ---When will you go to Shanghai next week?
some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.
I have read the story some times. -------How many times have you read the story?
some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long. I ’ll stay here for some time. -----How long will you stay here?
Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister
一、词组、短语：
- more outgoing 更外向/更开朗，2. as...as...与……一样，3. the singing competition 歌咏比赛，
- the most important最重要的， 5. be talented in music 在音乐方面有天赋，
- the sameas与……相同 7. care about 关心/留意/关注，8. be different from与…不同，
- be like amirror 像一面镜子， 10. as long as与…一样长， 11. bring out显示/显出/生产/带来，
- get better grade取得好成绩， 13. reach for伸手达到/达到14. touch one’s heart 感动，
- in fact 事实上，16. make friends交朋友， 17. be good at 在某方面成绩好，
- the other另一个，19. be similar to 对…熟悉，20. be good with与…和睦相处
二、重要句子（语法）：
Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.
That’s Tara, isn’t it?
Are you as friendly as your sister?
I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.
三、习惯用法、搭配
- have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣2. want to do sth. 想要做某事
- as + 形容词或副词的原级+ as 与…一样… 4. be good at doing sth 擅长做某事
- make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
- It’s+ 形容词+ for sb. To do sth.. 对某人来说，做某事是……的
四、词语辨析
1.(1)laugh v.. 笑
We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。
He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。
（与at连用）嘲笑Don’t laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。
(2)笑；笑声 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。
2.though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = although
Though it was raining，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。
注意：不能受汉语的影响，在though引导的从句后使用but。如：
Though he was poor，but he was happy.（误）
though adv.. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。[来源:学科网ZXXK]
Jim said that he would come, he didn’t , though.
五、语法讲解
形容词与副词的比较级，最高级
大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1．规则变化
a.单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词末尾加-er，-est tall（高的）
great（巨大的） greater greatest
b.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r，-st
large（大的）larger largest
c.以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est
hot（热的）hotter hottest
d.“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est
easy（容易的） easier easiest
e.少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er，-est
clever（聪明的）narrow（窄的）
f.其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级
easily（容易地）more easily most easily
2．不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good（好的）well（健康的） better best
bad（坏的）ill（有病的） worse worst
old（老的） older/elder oldest/eldest
much/many（多的） more most
little（少的） less least
far（远的） farther/further farthest/furthest
Unit 4 What’s the best movie theater
一、词组、短语：
- movie theater 电影院 2.be close to …离…近 3. clothes store 服装店 4. in town 在镇上
- 10 minutes by bus 坐10路公交车10分钟的路程 6. talent show 才艺表演
- more and more 越来越… 8. around the world 全世界 9. have ...in common 有共同特征
- and so on 等等 11. all kinds of 各种各样的 different kinds of 不同种类的
- be up to是…的职责，由…决定 13. make up编造….14. not everybody并不是每个人 15. so far 到目前为止 16. for example 例如 17. take … seriously 认真对待….
- give sb sth 给某人某物 相当于 give sth to sb 19. come true 实现
- How do yon like ……? =What do you think of …? 你认为…….怎么样？
- watch sb do sth 看见某人做某事 watch sb doing sth 看见某人在做某事（强调现在）
- play a role in doing sth 发挥做某事的作用
- one of + 可数名词的复数，谓语动词用单数 “ ….之一”
二、重要句子（语法）
It has the biggest screens.
- The DJs choose songs the most carefully.
- How do you like it so far? 到目前为止，你认为它怎么样？
- Thanks for telling me.多谢你告诉我。forget telling me忘记告诉了我
- Can I ask you some questions?我能问你一些问题吗？
三、习惯用法、搭配
1、Can I ask you some……. 2、How do you like……. 你认为……怎么样
3、Thanks for doing sth. 感谢做某事 4、What do you think of ……你认为……怎么样
5、much + 形容词或副词比较级 …….得多 6、watch sb do sth 观看某人做某事
7、play a role in doing sth. 发挥做某事的作用 8、one of +可数名词复数 …..之一……
Unite 5 Do you want to a game show?
一、词组、短语：
1、find out 找见/查出/发现 ，2、be ready to准备做…， 3、dress up打扮/化妆成，
4、take sb. place 代替某人， 5、do a good job 干的好/表演的出色，6、think of想到/思考，
7、 game show 游戏节目， 8、learn from向…学习， 9、talk show 访谈节目，
10、soap opera肥皂剧， 11、go on 继续， 12、watch a movie 看电影，13、one of…其中之一，
14、try one’s best =do one’s best 竭尽全力， 15、a pair of 一双，
16、as famous as一样闻名/出名 ， 17、look like看起来像，18、around the world 世界各地，
19、have a discussion about讨论， 20、 one day 有一天/某一天， 21、 such as 例如，
22、a symbol of 一个象征/标志， 23、something enjoyable 快乐的事情，
24、 interesting information有趣的信息，
二、重要句子（语法）
----What do you think of talk shows? ----I don’t mind them.
I hope to be a TV reporter one day. How about you?
三、习惯用法、搭配
1、let sb. do sth.让某人做某事， 2、plan to do sth.计划做某事，3、hope to do sth. 希望做某事，
4、happen to do sth碰巧发生某事，5、expect to do sth. 期望做某事，
6、How about doing…？= What about…? 做某事怎么样？ 7、be ready to do sth.准备做某事，
8、try one’s best to do sth.=do one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事，
四、词语辨析
1.the other, the others, other, others, another 辨析
the other 表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分，可直接单数名词或复数名词。表示两个中的一个……另一个……时，常用one …the other…。例：
He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.
There are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys.
the others 特指某一范围内的其他的（人或物），是the other的复数形式，相当于the other+复数名词。the other + 复数名词 = any other + 名词单数。例：
You two stay here, the others go with me.
I’m different from Jeff because I’m louder than the other kids (any other kid) in my class.
other 作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名词单数或复数。例：
We learn Chinese, Math， English and other subjects.
others 作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”。 例：
Some students are doing homework, others are talking loudly.
another 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例：
I don’t like this one. Please show me another one.
2.find out 查明，弄清楚，find 找到
Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing.
- （1）happen v.发生，一般指偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。
Sth + happens to sb. A traffic accident happened to his elder brother yesterday.
Sth + happens + 地点/时间，意为：某地/某时发生了某事 An accident happened on Park Street.
（2）happen v，表示“碰巧”，主语可以是人，后常跟动词不定式to,表示“碰巧……”.
Sb + happens to do sth. I happened to see my uncle on the street.
- expect v. 期待，盼望，预期，后常接四种结构：
1)expect + 名词/代词，期待某事/某人，预计……可能发生。 I’m expecting Li Lin’s letter.
2)expect to do sth. 预计做某事 Lily expects to come back next week.
3)expect sb. to do sth. I expect my mother to come back early.
4)expect + 从句 预计……I expected that I’ll come back next Monday.
4.（1） serious a. 严肃的，认真的。 He is a serious man.
（2）be serious about sb/sth. 对某人/某事当真
Peter is serious about Jenny. He wants to get married to her.
（3）be serious about doing sth. 对某事当真 He’s serious about selling his house.
Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science
一、词组、短语：
- take singing/ acting lessons上唱歌/表演课a cooking school 烹调学校
3.at a university在大学 4.write articles写文章 5.send ... to 把...发送给..
6.make the soccer team 组建足球队 7.make resolutions下定决心
8.make promises to sb 向某人承诺 9.make a New Year’s resolutions下定新年的决心
10.make a weekly plan for schoolwork为学校的学习作周计划 11.make sb+adj 让....
12.different kinds of resolutions不同种类的决心 13.be able to keep resolutions能够坚持决心
14.plan for the coming year为来年作计划… 15.promises to do sth承诺做某事…
16.get good grades获得好成绩 17.get a lot of exercise得到很多锻炼
18.learn another foreign language学习另一种外语， 19.be not for sb不适合于某人
20.a kind of promise一种许诺 21..the most common kind最普通的一种
22.at the beginning/ start of ……在……的开始
23.write down 写下…… 24.start an exercise program 开始一个锻炼计划
25.have to do with 与...有关 26.have one thing in common 有一个共同点
27.my own personal 我自己个人的 28.take up a new hobby养成新的习惯
29.move to +地点搬到某地去 30.finish high school and college first首先读完高中和大学
31.grow up 长大 32.go to a soccer camp参加足球训练营
33.be sure about sth 对…有把握 make sure do sth 务必要做某事 be sure to do 一定要做..
34.try one’s best to do sth 尽最大努力做某事
3 35.practice doing练习做某事 keep doing sth 继续做某事 keep on doing sth.不断地做某事
enjoy doing sth 喜爱做某事 dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事
36.learn“学习，学会”， 强调通过学习去获得知识和技能： learn music, learn new words,
learn to do,sth 学习做某事 learn from sb 向某人学习
37.too...to 太... 而不能 = not+反义词+enough to = so that+否定
二、习惯用法、搭配
want to do sth. 想做某事， be going to + 动词原形：将要做某事，
practice doing sth. 练习做某事， keep on doing sth.继续做某事， learn to do sth. 学会做某事，
finish doing sth做完某事 promise to do sth.答应做某事， help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事，
remember to do sth. 记住要做某事， agree to do sth.同意做某事， love to do sth.喜欢做某事，
be going to 的用法
1） be going to + 动词原形——表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow, next year等时间状语或when 引导的时间状语从句连用。各种句式变换都借助be 动词完成，be随主语有am, is, are 的变换，going to 后接动词原形。
肯定句： 主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他。He is going to take the bus there.
否定句： 主语 + be not going to + 动词原形 + 其他 I’m not going to see my friends this weekend.
一般疑问句： Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他
肯定回答： Yes, 主语 + be. 否定回答： No, 主语 + be not.
Are you going to see your friends this weekend? Yes ,I am. / No, I’m not.
特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？
What is he going to do this weekend? When are you going to see your friends?
2) 如果表示计划去某地，可直接用 be going to + 地点 We are going to Beijing for a holiday.
3) 表示位置移动的动词，如go , come, leave 等常用进行时表示将来。
The bus is coming. My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week.
三、重要句子（语法）
1.What do you want to be when you grow up? I want to be an engineer.
2.How are you going to do that? I’m going to study math really hard.
3.Where are you going to work? I’m going to move to Shanghai.
4.When are you going to start? I’m going to start when I finish high school and college.
四、词语辨析
1 promise vt. 保证，许诺。有三种结构：
1)promise to do sth. ——My mother promised to buy a piano for me.
2)promise sb. sth. ——My aunt promised me a bike.
3)promise + that 从句——Tom promises that he can return on time.
promise n. 允诺， 诺言 Lily is a dishonest girl. She never keeps a promise.
- practice vt. 练习，后接名词，代词或v-ing 作宾语。
Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room.
常跟v-ing 作宾语的动词有：look forward to, keep/keep on, practice. finish, enjoy, mind,
be halfway to……
- everyday 与every day 区别
everyday adj. 每天的 在句中作定语，位于名词前。 This is our everyday homework.
every day 副词短语， 在句中作状语，位于句首或句末。 He reads books every day.
Unit 7 Will people have robots?
一、词组、短语：
1、on computers在电脑上，2、on paper在纸上， 3、live to be 200 years old 活到200岁，
4、free time空闲时间， 5、in danger 在危险中，6、on the earth在世界上
7、play a part in sth 在某方面出力/做贡献， 8、space station太空站， 8、look for寻找，
9、computer programmer 电脑程序师， 10、in the future 在将来， 11、hundreds of成百上千的，
12、the same…as与…一样， 13、 over and over again 反复， 14、get bored 无聊，
15、wake up醒来/唤醒， 16、look like 看起来像， 17、fall down倒下/落下
二、习惯用法，搭配
1、will + 动词原形 将要做 2、fewer/more + 可数名词复数 更少/更多…
3、less/more + 不可数名词 更少/更多 4、try to do sth. 尽力做某事
5、have to do sth 不得不做某事 6、 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见
7、such + 名词（词组） 如此 8、play a part in doing sth 参与做某事
9、make sb do sth让某人做某事 10、help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
11、There will be + 主语 + 其他 将会有…. 12、There is/are + sb. + doing sth 有…正在做…
13、It is + 形容词 + for sb + to do sth 做某事对某人来说…
三、重要句子（语法）
What will the future be like? Cities will be more polluted. And there will be fewer trees.[来源:学科网ZXXK]
Will people use money in 100 years? No, they won’t. Everything will be free.
Will there be world peace? Yes, I hope so.
Kids will stuffy at home on computers. They won’t go to school.
四、词语辨析：
- every 与each 的区别： every 用来表整体，each 用来表个别。
each 最低需是两，every 最低需是三。
every adj. every 作主用单数；each adj./ pron. each 可单也可复，作主、作定用单数，其他情况用复数。
Every teacher knows her. There are lots of trees on each side of the road.
Each of the road has a dictionary.
- human, 指包括男人女人孩子的“人，人类”，有别于动物,自然景物，机器等的特殊群体，也可指具体的人。
person, 无性别之分，常用于数目不太大，而且数目比较精确的场合。
people, 泛指“人们”，表示复数概念。
man,前不带冠词而且单独使用时，指“男人”，a man 可指“一个人/ 一个男人”，复数为men.
He was the only human on the island. There are only three persons in the room.
There are many people there. Man is stronger than woman.
- seem 连系动词，好像，似乎，看来。有下面几种用法：
seem + 名词 看起来。He seems a nice man. seem like 好像，似乎。
It seemed like a good idea at the time.
seem to do sth. 似乎/看起来/好像做某事。 I seem to have left my book at home.
It seems/seemed that 看起来好像…, 似乎…. He was very happy.
seem to be + 形容词/名词 = seem + 形容词/名词。 She seems to be happy.= She seems happy.
probably ad. maybe 相当于 perhaps. 也许，大概，可能。作状语.
probably 用于句中，可能性最大。 He will probably come tomorrow.
maybe 用于句首。 Maybe you are right.
- during / for / in 介词，在……期间。说到某事是在某一段时间之间发生的用during; 说到某事持续多久则用for; 说到某事具体发生的时间用in.
We visited many places of interest during the summer holiday. I’ve been here for two weeks.
They usually leave school in July.
五、语法讲解
一般将来时结构：
肯定式： 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 + 其他 will 用于各种人称，shall 用于第一人称。
主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他 be 随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。
否定式： 在will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = won’t .
一般疑问句： 将will/shall/be 提到主语前面。
There be 句型的一般将来时：
There will be + 主语 + 其他 ，意为：将有。
一般疑问句形式为： Will there be + 主语 + 其他。
肯定回答是： Yes, there will. 否定回答是： No, there won’t.
否定形式是：There won’t be + 主语 + 其他， 将不会有……
特殊疑问句是: 疑问词/ 词组 + 一般疑问句？ When will there be a nice basketball match?
Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?
一、词组、短语：
1、milk shake 奶昔， 2、turn on打开，3、 pour into 倒入，4、a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶，
5、 a good idea 一个好主意，6、on Saturday 在星期六，7、 cut up 切碎， 8、put into 放入，
9、one more thing 还有一件事， 10、a piece of一片/一张/一块， 11、at this time在此时，
12、a few 几个， 13、fill…with… 用…装满， 14、cover…with… 用…盖住，
15、one by one一个接一个， 16、a long time长时间，
二、习惯用法、搭配
1、How many + 可数名词复数 2、How much + 不可数名词，3、let sb. do sth.让某人做某事，
4、want to do sth.想要做某事， 5、forget to do sth. 忘记要做的事情，
6、how to do sth.怎样做某事， 7、There are many reasons for 某事有几个原因/理由，
8、 一段时间 +ago ， 9、by doing sth通过做某事. 10、need to do sth. 需要做某事，
11、make + 宾语 + 形容词 ， 12、It’s time(for sb) to do sth某人该做某事的时间到了。
13、First…Next…Then…Finally…
三、重要句子
1.Turn on the blender.启动搅拌器，
2.How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样做香蕉奶昔？
First, peel the banana. Next, put the banana in the blender.
Then, pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn on the blender.
3.How many bananas do we need? 我们需要几个香蕉？
4.How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？
5.Now, it’s time to enjoy the rice noodles! 啊，该品尝大米面条。
四、词语辨析
1、turn on 打开，接通（电源，气，水），反义词是turn off. turn up/turn down 调高/低音量。
- pour…into…将…倒入/灌入…into 是：进入… in 是：在…内。 Come in!请进！
- 2. one more thing =another one thing 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词
- 3. fill with 用…填充…be filled with = be full of 充满….
The boy filled the bottle with sand. / The bag was full of clothes.
4.cover…with… 用…把…覆盖 be covered with 被…所覆盖。 cover n. 封面，盖子。
Ann covered her face with her hands. / The cover of the magazine is nice.
- It’s time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。
It’s time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。
Unit 9 Can you come to my party?
一、词组、短语：
1、on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午， 2、have to 必须， 3、prepare for 准备，
4、go to the doctor去看病， 5、have the flu 患流感， 6、help my parents给父母帮忙，
7、come to the party 参加晚会， 8、meet my friend见朋友，9、go to the party 参加晚会，
10、too much homework 太多的家庭作业， 11、go to the movies去看电影，
12、another time下次，13、last fall 去年秋天，14、hang out 闲逛， 15、after school 放学后，[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
16、on the weekend 在周末， 17、study for a test备考，18、visit grandparents 拜访爷爷奶奶，
19、the day before yesterday 前天， 20、the day after tomorrow后天，
21、have a piano lesson 上钢琴课， 22、look after 照看，23、accept an invitation 接受邀请，
24、turn down an invitation拒绝邀请，25、take a trip 参加郊游，
26、at the end of this month在本月底， 27、look forward to 期望/渴望，
28、 the opening of…开幕/开业， 29、reply in writing to 写回信给… 30、go shopping 购物，
31、do homework 做作业， 32、go to the concert参加音乐会， 33、not…until直到。。。才。。
二、习惯用法、搭配
1、invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事， 2、What a/an + 形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！
3、help sb. (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事， 4、be sad to do sth. 做某事感到悲伤，
5、see sb to do sth /see sb doing sth看见某人做某事，6、the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方法，
7、have a surprise party for sb为某人举办一个惊喜的晚会，8、look forward to doing sth. 期望做… 9、reply to sth/sb.回答某人/回答某事， 10、What’s today? 今天星期几，几月几日？
11、What’s the date today?今天几月几日？ 12、What day is it today?今天星期几？
三、重要句子：
1、Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?星期六下午你能参加我的晚会吗？
2、Sure, I’d love to. / Sorry， I can’t. I have to prepare for an exam.
Can you come to my party on Saturday? Sure, I’d love to. /Sorry, I must study for a math test.
Can you go to the movie tomorrow night? Sure. That sound great. I’m afraid not. I have the flu.
Can he go to the party? No, he can’t. He has to help his parents.
Can she go to the baseball game? No, she’s not available. She must go to the doctor.
Can they go to the movie? No, they’re not free. They might have to meet their friends.
四、词语辨析
1、prepare意为“准备”，强调准备的动作与过程。
prepare for sth. 为…准备好。/ prepare to do sth 准备做某事。
- have the flu 患感冒, have a cold 感冒,have a cough 咳嗽, have a fever 发烧 …
- hang out 常去某处，泡在某处, hang out with sb 与某人一起闲逛。。。
- catch you =see you = bye bye ,catch a cold感冒,, catch the train 赶上火车
catch up with =keep up with 赶上，跟上 ,
5.accept 接受 , 反义词为： refuse。
accept指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。
I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldn’t like to accept it.
- turn down = refuse 拒绝
turn down 关小，调低 turn up 放大，调高 turn up 打开 turn off 关掉
- help sb.(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助人 help oneself to sth 随便吃
- at the end of 在…末尾，在…尽头，
- surprised形容词，感到意外的，主语是人 be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外
surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 The news was surprsing.
surprise 名词，惊奇、惊讶
to one’s surprise使某人吃惊，动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth.
- look forward to 期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。
hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.
- 11. reply回答，指用口头或书面形式回答，不及物动词reply to sb/sth. 对…..作出回答。
作及物动词，意为 回答，回答说。作名词，意为：答道，回信，答复，后跟介词 to .
answer 是最普通的用语，包括口头，书面或行动的回答，可作及物和不及物动词。
Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!
一、词组、短语：
1、go to the party 参加晚会，2、have a great /good time 玩的开心， 3、stay at home，呆在家，
4、take the bus乘公交车， 5、 tomorrow night明天晚上， 6、have a class party 开班级晚会，
7、have a class meeting 开班会， 8、half the class 全班一半人， 9、 make some food 做食物，
10、at the party 在晚会上， 11. order food 预定食物， 12、potato chips薯条，
13、be angry with sb.对某人生气， 14、give sb some advice给某人建议/劝告，
15、travel around the world 周游世界， 16、go to college 上大学， 17、get an education受教育 ，
18、make（a lot of）money 挣钱/赚钱 19、work hard 努力工作/努力学习，
20、a soccer player 一个足球运动员， 21、keep…to oneself 把…留给自己/独处/避免与人交往， 22、talk to sb.与某人谈话， 23、in life在一生中， 24、 in the end 在最后，
25、be angry at/about sth 因某事而生气， 26、 make mistakes 弄错/出差错，
27、in the future 在将来， 28、run away逃跑， 29、the first step第一步，
30、in half 成半， 31、solve a problem解决难题， 32、school clean-up学校大扫除
二、习惯用法、搭配
1、ask sb. to do sth 请某人做某事， 2、give sb sth.给某人某物，
3、tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事， 4、too…to do sth太…不能做某事,
5、be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事， 6、advise sb to do sth劝说某人做某事，
7、It’s best (not)to do sth.做某事最好。 8、need to do sth需要做某事，
三、重要句子（语法）
1、I think I’ll take the bus to the party. 2、If you do, you’ll be late.
3、What will happen if they have the party today? 4、If they have it today, half the class won’t come.
5、Should we ask people to bring food? 6、If we ask people to bring food,
7、They’ll just bring potato chips and chocolate.
