仁爱版七年级上册、八年级上册英语重点知识点

2024年1月20日10:41:41初中英语141阅读模式

仁爱英语七年级上册知识点归纳

 

短语:

come from  出生(于);来自              in English 用英语(表达)
look like 看起来像                     give sth. to sb. 把(某物)给(某人)
look at 看着                           help sb. with sth. 帮助(某人)做(某事)

a little  一点点                        each other 互相
a lot 非常,更加,很                  very much 非常,更加,很
have a seat 坐下,就座                 look after 照顾,照看
next time 下一次                      try on 试穿
good idea 好主意                     such as 比如,例如
wait a moment 稍候,等一会儿         family tree 家谱
look the same 看起来一样              have a picnic 去野餐

go fishing 去钓鱼                     go shopping 去购物                take one's order 记下顾客点的菜
fly a kite 放风筝                     different looks 不同的相貌
have breakfast 吃早餐                 have lunch 吃午饭
have supper 吃晚饭                   have dinner 吃饭
all right 好的                        on one's way home 在某人回家的路上
find one's way home 找到回家的路      a glass of  一玻璃杯
a bottle of 一瓶                      a pair of 一双
have fun 玩得开心                   think of 认为
speak to sb. 对某人说                call sb. back 回拨电话给某人

get up 起床                         eat out 下馆子,出去吃饭
go home 回家                       go to school 去上学
help oneself to sth. 随便吃(喝)些什么

be free 有空
have no time 没时间                  over there 在那儿
think about 考虑                     on a farm 在农场
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事         at night 在夜晚
on Sunday 在星期天                  go out 出去
go for a picnic 去野餐                 on Sunday morning 在星期天早晨
at six o'clock 在六点钟                be from 出生(于);来自
go to the zoo 去动物园               Welcome to China! 欢迎到中国来!

Don't worry! 别担忧!               in the same grade 在同一个年级
in different classes 在不同的班级      telephone number 电话号码
junior high school 初中              You're welcome! 别客气!
Thank you! 谢谢你!                Can I help you? 我能帮你什么忙吗?
Here you are! 给你!                Here it is! 它在这

Here we are! 我们到了!             be afraid 恐怕,害怕
in different clothes 不同的衣服      be in blue 蓝色衣服
be in a red T-shirt 红色T恤         be in black pants 黑色裤子
help sb. do sth. 助某人做某事       want to do sth. 要做某事
like to do sth. 欢做某事            would like to do sth. 要做某事

Are you kidding? 是开玩笑吧?    Thank you all the same! 是要谢谢你!
a bag of一袋                     That's right!没错!
That's all right!不用谢!没关系!    how many多少
how much多少                    too heavy太重
this Sunday这个星期日             forget to do sth.忘记去做某事
carry water提水                    sing a song唱歌
be in在家                         be out在外面
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事      want sb. to do sth.想要某人去做某事
would like sb. to do sth.想要某人去做某事

at my home在我家                 What time is it?几点了?
half past seven七点半               a quarter to eight差一刻八点
It's time to do sth.该做某事的时候了。
What's the time?几点了?           thank sb. for sth.因为某事而感谢某人
thank sb. for doing sth.感谢某人做了某事    at the zoo在动物园

二、知识点:

Unit 1

1、Good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好 Good night 晚安

2 、glad / nice to meet / see you 见到你很高兴 (回答也一样)

3、welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到  答:Thank you 或者 Thanks)

4、 let’s + V(原) 让我们做

5、 stand up 起立 sit down 坐下

6、this is 这是…… (用于介绍第三者的用语)

7、How do you do ?你好 (回答也是:How do you do ? )

8、 How are you ? 你好吗? Fine ,thank you .and you ? 很好;谢谢;你呢? I’m OK / I’m fine , too . 我也很好。

9、 see you = see you later = see you soon = good-bye 再见
10、 excuse me 打扰一下;请问
11、 I’m = my name is 我是……
12、 be from = come from 来自
13、 in English 用英语
14、 Can you spell it ? Yes / No 你能拼写它吗? 能/不能
15、 That’s OK / That’s all right / You’re welcome / Not at all 不用谢
16、 …… years old ……岁
17、 telephone number 电话号码 QQ number QQ 号码 ID number 身份证
18、 the same (相同的) 反义词是 different (不同的)

例: We are in the same grade, but we are in different classes. 句型:
19、What is your name ? 你的名字是什么?
20、Where +be + 主语 + from? 某人来自于哪里?(回答:主语+be+地点)

例: Where are you from? I am from quanzhou.
21、How old + be + 主语? 某人几岁? (回答: 主语 + be + 数字 )

例: How old are you ? I’m fourteen.
22、What is your telephone number? 你的电话号码是多少? (回答:My telephone number is或者 It’s )注意:读出号码的时候要逐个读出。
23、What class / grade +be + 主语 + in ? 某人在哪一个班级/年级?

例:what class are you in ? I am in Class Five. (注意:Class 和 Five 需要大写)

what grade are you in ? I am in Grade Seven. (注意: Glass 和 Seven 需要大写)
24、What’s this/ that (in English) ? 这是什么? (回答:It’s a/an + 单数名词. 这是……) What’ re these/ those (in English) ? 这些是什么?(回答:They’re + 复数名词 这些是……)
25、How do you spell it ? 你怎么拼写它? E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser. (注意拼读方法) Unit 2
1、 sb + has/ have ( an /a ) + adj + 五官 === sb’s 五官 is / are + adj (描述长相)

例:Lily has a small nose. = Lily’s nose is small.
2、 I know = I see 我明白了
3、 That’s right 那是对的
4、 look the same look like 看起来相像 look different 看起来不同

例: Jim and Lilei look the same.== Jim looks like Lilei. .
5、 look at + n 看某物 look for +n 寻找某人/某物 look after +n 照顾某人
6、 both 两者都…… all 三者或者三者以上都
Both 和 all 位于 be 动词或情态动词后,位于行为动词前。

例: We are both students. We both have black eyes. We can both speak English. 注意:
7、 give sth to sb = give sb sth 把某物给某人; (注意:如果 sth 是 it 或 them,只能用前者 注意 ,只能用前者)
8、 have different looks == look different 有着不同的长相 (看起来不相像)

have the same look. ==look the same 有着相同的长相 (看起来很相像)
9、 over there 在那边 come in 请进 go out 出去
10、 in + 颜色 或 in a/an/the +颜色 + 衣服 表示穿着……颜色的衣服 常常接在名词的后面,表示穿颜色衣服的…… 如 the girl in red is my sister.
11、 too + adj 太……
12、 pants 和 shoes 做主语,谓语动词用复数;但 a pair of pants/ shoes 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式

例: His shoes are black. A pair of shoes is under the bed.
13、 in the morning/ afterrnoom/ evening 在早上/下午/晚上 at night 在晚上
14、 go shopping = go to the shop 去购物 类似的有 go swimming go fishing go skating 等等 帮助某人做某事 注意:sb 用代词时必须用宾格
15、 help sb. ( to ) do sth == help sb with sth
16、 high school 中学
17、 play +球类 play the 乐器
18、 think of 认为,想 think about 考虑 I think + 从句 我认为……

例:  I think he you are right.

否定式常否定主句,但翻译时要否定后面的从句

例:I don’t think he can come. 我认为他不会来了.(不能说:我不认为他会来)
19、What do/does + 主语 + look like ? 询问人的长相

例: What does your English teacher look like ?
20、 What’s and ? ……加……是什么?(回答:It’s )

例:What’s red and yellow? It’s orange. What’s two and five? It’s seven.
21、Whose + 东西 + is this/ that ? Whose + 东西 +are these/ those ? 这/这些 是谁的……?

例:Whose coat is this ? It is mine. Whose shoes are these ? They are hers.
22、Who is the letter from? 这封信来自于谁? It’s from Lily. 它来自于莉莉。
23、What color be + 东西? (回答:It’s +颜色 或者 They’er + 颜色)

例:What color is your dress? It’s black.

Unit 3
1、 Could you (please)…… (后接动词原形) 你愿意做某事吗? 我能做某事吗? May I …… (后接动词原形)
2、 the English corner 英语角
3、 live in + 地点 住在某地 live with + 人 和某人住在一起
4、 What does he say in the letter? 他在信里说了些什么? What does he say on the phone?在电话里说了些什么?
5、 a lot = very much 放在句末,修饰动词,非常……not at all 一点也不……

例: I like the boy a lot/ very much.  I don’t like the boy at all..
6、 each other 相互,彼此

例:  Students often talk to each other in class.
7、 do sth with sb 和某人一起做某事
8、 No problem 没问题
9、 speak + 语言 说某种语言 speak English speak Chinese
10、 the Great Wall 长城
11、 come/go to + 地点 去某地 但 home 、 here 、 there 这些是副词,前面不能加 to

例:go home / come here / go there go to do sth 去做某事

例: They go to play basketball.

12、 like doing sth 喜欢做某事 like to do sth 想要做某事
13、 It’s + adj +to sb 对某人来说是……的
14、 help sb with sth =help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人某事
15、 be at home = be in 在家 go home 回家 get home 到家 in one’s home 在某人的家里
16、 have a seat / take a seat / sit down 请坐下
17、 office worker 办公室职员 cook 厨师 cooker 炊具
18、 on a farm 在农场上 on the sofa 在沙发上
19、 a photo of one’s family 某人的全家照 Family Tree 家谱 (首字母都大写)
20、 in a hospital 在医院(纯属地点概念) in hospital 因病住院

例:He is ill in hospital. 他生病住院 He is in a hospital.他在医院里 (不一定是因为生病来到医院)
21、 look after sb = take care of sb 照顾某人

22、 teach sb sth = teach sth to sb 教某人某东西 teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事

23、help oneself ( to sth. ) 请随便(吃……) help yourself/ yourselves (to fish)
24、 I’d like sth = I would like sth. 我想要……
25、 Would like to do sth = want to do sth 想要做某事
26、 Would you like something to eat (drink)? 你想要一些吃(喝)的东西吗? to eat 或 to drink 修饰 something,作为后置定语。
27、 Here you are . 给你 Here we are. 我们到了
28、 What about …… == How about …… ……怎么样? 后接代词或名词,还可以接动名词(即 What about doing sth )
29、 all right 好的
30、a cup of tea 一杯茶 two cups of tea 两杯茶
31、 milk for me 我要牛奶
32、 Why not ……(后接动词原形) = Why don’t you …… (后接动词原形) 为什么不做某事呢? 回答:Good idea 好主意;
33、 May I take your order ? 可以点菜了吗?
34、 wait a moment = just a moment 等一下,请稍侯 wait for sb 等待某人
35、 Can I help you ?= May I help you ?= What can I do for you ? 需点什么帮忙吗?
36、 eat out 出去吃饭
37、 let sb do sth 让某人做某事

38、 have dinner/ breakfast /lunch/supper 吃正/早/午/晚 餐
39、 a kind of 一种…… all kinds of 各种各样的……
40、be friendly/kind to sb 对某人友好
41、 such as 例如

例:I like fruits, such as oranges,bananas and apples

42、 be glad to do sth

例: I am glad to meet you, I am glad to be here.. 句型:
43、What do/does + 主语+ do ? == What +be+ 主语. ? == What’s one’s job ?

回答:主语 + be + 职业.

例如: What does your father do? = What is your father? = What’s your father’s job? He is a teacher.

Unit 4
1、 try on 试穿……
2、 we/I will take it 我们/我 买下了 ( 这里的 take 相当于 buy)
3、 buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 给某人买某物;
4、 I’m just looking 我只是看看;
5、 three hundred and sixty-five 365 (百位数和十位数之间加 and , 十位数和个位数之间加”-“)

6、 a pair of 一对/一双……
7、 running shoes 跑鞋
8、 Are you kidding ? 你开玩笑吧;
9、 think about 考虑;
10、 thank you all the same 仍然谢谢你;
11、 Is that all? 就这么多吗? That’s all. 就这么多吧 I
12、 I think so. 我认为是这样的. I don’t think so. 我认为不是这样的.
13、 当把东西给某人时可以说: Here you are 或 Here be + 东西 或 Here it is.
14、 Don’t worry.别担心 ① worry about + 宾语

如:Do you worry about your leesson? ②Worried 烦恼的 be worried about +宾语 如:She is worried about her mother.
15. a few +可数名词 (肯定) 一点,一些; ; few + 可数名词: (否定) 几乎没有 a little +不可数名词 (肯定) 一点,一些; ; little + + 不可数名词: (否定) 几乎没有
16、 be free = have time 有空的;反义词:be busy = have no time Are you free tomorrow? == Do you have time tomorrow ?
17、 在某一天使用介词 on , 在某个时刻用 at 如:On Sunday at a half past six 当 this 接时间,不用介词, this Sunday
18、 What’s up = what’s wrong ? = What’s the matter 什么事?
19、 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(事还没做) forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事(事已做完)
20、 tell sb about sth. 告诉某人某事 tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 把某事告诉某人 ask/tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事 ask/tell sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事
21、 电话用语: ①Who’s this? 你是哪位? ② Is this ……你是……吗? ③This is ……(speaking) 我是…… ④May I speak to……我可以找……吗?
22、 go for sth = go to do sth 去做某事

如: go for class = go to have class.
23、 It’s fun 真是有趣的事
24、 call sb = give sb a call 打电话给某人 call sb back 给某人回电话
25、 I’m afraid /sorry (that) + 从句 恐怕……/ 对不起,……
26、 I have no time = I don’t have any time 我没有时间 ( no = not any )
27、 be not in = be not at home = be out 出去了,不在家;
28、 sing a song / sing some songs 唱歌; fly a kite 放风筝;draw picture 画画 play sports 做运动; watch TV 看电视 read books 看书 read newspaper 看报纸
29、 let sb do sth (后接动词原形) 让某人做某事
30、 时间读法有顺读法和逆读法: 顺读法(eleven thirty-six 表示 11:36) 逆读法(分钟数小于等于 30 分 用 past , 分钟数大于 30 分用 to,如 five past ten 表示 10:05; five to ten 表示 9:55,half past six 表示 6:30 , a querter to six 表示 5:45
31、 show sth to sb = show sb sth 把……拿给某人看; 作为名词表示 演出,表演
32、 祈使句的否定句,直接在句首加上 Don't 就可以了
33、 have to ……(后接动词原形) 不得不……
34.、It’s time for sth/ doing sth It’s time to do sth 该到做……的时候了? It’s time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的时候了
35、 next time 下一次 next week 下个星期 the next day 第二天;
36、 next to…… = near…… 在……旁边
37、 get up 起床 go to bed 上床睡觉; get sb up 叫某人起床
38、 do one’s homework 做作业;
39、 have a picnic 野餐;have class 上课 have a meeting 开会 have a party 举办聚会 have dinner/ breakfast /lunch/supper 吃正/早/午/晚 餐 have +东西 吃/喝……
have a good time =enjoy oneself 玩得很愉快 have sb to do sth 让某人做某事 have to do sth 不得不……
40、on the weekday 在周末;
41、lot of = lots of = many =much 许多的,大量的
42、 in the sun 在阳光下;
43、 sb like best = sb’s favorite + 种类 is / are …… 谁最喜欢……
44、 on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上;on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上
45、 Here we are. 我们到了
46、 It’s very kind of you 你真是太好了;
47、 thanks / thank you for + n /v-ing 为……而感谢你;
48、 in the tree 在树上(外物附着) on the tree 在树上(树上本身长出的东西) In the wall 在墙里 (如 window ) on the wall 在墙上
49、 What do you think of ? = How do you like ? 你认为……怎么样?

例:What do you think of your English teacher ?

= How do you like your English teacher ?
50、 How much be + 主语? ( 回答:It’s / They’re + 价钱.) How much is your English book ? 问价格还可以用 what’s the price of …… 为什么不做某事呢?
51、 Why not ……(后接动词原形) = Why don’t you …… (后接动词原形)

回答:Good idea 好主意;
52、 What time is it ? == What is the time? (回答:It’s +时间)

考点归纳

  • 英文中常用的问候语及其回答:

-Hello. -Hello.

—Hi. —Hi

—Good morning. —Good morning.

—Good afternoon. —Good afternoon.

—Good evening. —Good evening.

—Good night. —Good night.

—How do you do? —How do you do?

—How are you? —Fine, thank you.

注意:对 “How do you do?” 和 “How are you?” 两句话的回答不要弄混淆。
2、sorry “对不起” 用于引出某一过错。 Excuse me. “对不起” 用于引起对方的注意。例如: I’m sorry I can’t speak English. Excuse me, is this your backpack?
3、be late (for ...) (做……)迟到 be late for school/ class/ work/ the meeting 上学/上课/上班/开会迟到

注意: late 的副词仍为 late, 不能写成 lately.

例如: 请不要晚到学校。 Please don’t arrive lately for school. (×) Please don’t arrive late for school. (√)
4、见到某人很高兴的几种表达:

Nice to meet you. = Happy/ Glad/ Pleased to meet you.

5、 What’s this in English?=What’s the English for this? 这个用英语怎么说?

用什么语言,介词用 in: “in + 语言”.

例如: in English 用英语 in Chinese 用汉语 in Japanese 用日语

注意:用钢笔:in ink = in pen = with a pen 让我们学英语。
6、 Let’s learn English. 让我们学英语。
Let’s = let us 让我们Let’s do sth. = Why not do sth.? = What/How about doing sth.?

如:Let’s learn English. = Why not learn English? = What/How about learning English?
注意:let sb. do .. 中的 sb.即使是第三人称单数后面的动词仍用原形

例如:Let her sing an English song.

7、learn from 向……学习    learn to do sth. 学做……

例如:Let us learn fromLei Feng.
Lucy learns to play the guitar.

8、对颜色提问的两种方法: What color …? = What’s the color of …?

例如: What color is your coat? = What’s the color of your coat?
color  着色 color sth. + 颜色,

例如: I want to color it red.

color 是可数名词

例如: I don’t like these colors.
9、对姓名的几种提问及回答:

What’s your name? = May I have/know your name?

My name is … = I’m…
10、call + sb. + at + … “给某人打电话”

例如: Please call my teacher at 65774839.

11、感谢你: Thanks. = Thank you. (√) Thank. (×) Thanks you. (×)
Thanks for + sth./doing sth. 为……而感谢你。

例如:Thanks for your help. =Thanks for helping me.
12、take, bring, carry 和 get 的区别:
1)take “带走”,从近处带到远处

例如:Please take these books to your home after school.
2) bring “带来”,从远处带来

例如:Please bring me some cakes.

3)carry “带”,无方向性,指移动较重、较大的东西,有“负重”的含义

例如:The bag is too heavy for me. Can you carry it for me?
4) get “去拿来”,相当于 go and bring

例如:Can I get you something to drink?
12、need 需要
1) need + V(原)……”

例如:She need some cakes.

2) need to do sth. “需要做……”

例如:She needs to speak English often.
13、There be 句型   在某处有什么

例如: There is a clock on the wall.

There be 句型的就近原则:若有两个或两个以上的主语是,谓语常与靠近它 的那个主语一致。

例如:There is a book, two pens and some cups on the desk.

There are two pens, some cups and a book on the desk.

注意:There be与 have 的区别在于:have 表示某人或某物拥有什么;而 There be 表示在什么 地方存在什么。
14、want to do sth. “想要做……”

例如:He wants to join the reading club.
15、like v. 喜欢

用法:like sth. / sb. 喜欢…

like doing sth. 喜欢做…

like to do sth. 想做…

like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做…

would like to do sth.想做…
be like 像…

look/sound like 看/听起来像…

注意:like doing sth. 喜欢做…(长期的喜好,习惯)
like to do sth. 想做…(短期的,具体的某一次活动)
16、构词法:在动词后面加-er 或-or,将动词变为人的名词

例如: sing-singer   wait-waiter   work-worker

teach-teacher   speak-speaker   visit-visitor

加-r: write-writer   drive-driver

双写尾字母: run-runner    swim-swimmer    shop-shopper

注意: cook烹调 — cook 厨师 -cooker 厨房用具
17、a lot of = lots of 可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。

Jim drank a lot of/lots of beer. I have a lot of/lots of things to do.
a lot 作状语,表示程度、数量或频率。

例如:Thanks a lot. I know a lot about it.
19、for 就……而言

例如:I have some bread for supper.

20、have/eat + 三餐 “吃早/中/晚饭”

例如:I usually have lunch at home.

21、对价格提问:How much …? =What’s the price of …?

例如: How much is this sweater? = What’s the price of this sweater?
22、in + 颜色

例如: She is in red. = She is in a red coat.\

23、on, in, at 与时间状语连用:
on + 具体某一天

例如:I will do some shopping on Sunday.

in + 时间段

例如: in the morning / afternoon / evening

at + 几点

例如:Our class is at 8:00

注意:如果时间状语前面有这些词:this, that, next, tomorrow等, 则不用介词。

例如: See you next time.

24、对年龄的提问:

How old are you? What’s your age? May I know/have your age? 答:I’m ... (years old). 注意:表达年龄的几个同义句: Tom is 15. =Tom is 15 years old. =Tom is a 15-year-old boy. =Tom is a boy of 15.
25、think +句子

例如:I think you are right.

注意: think 的否定转移

例如:I don’t think it is right.
26、like ... best = favorite+…最喜欢…

例如:Jack likes red best. =Jack’s favorite color is red.

27、too/also/either的区别:

too 用于句末

例如: Tom is from America. Lucy is from America, too.
also 用于句中(be 动词后,行为动词前)

例如: Tom is from America. Lucy is also from America.
either 用于否定句中

例如: Tom isn’t from America. Lucy isn’t from America, either.
28、speak/ say/ talk/ tell 的区别:

speak+语言   讲某种语言

例如:She can speak Chinese.  I can speak a little English.
say 强调说话的内容

例如:Let me say “Thanks” to you.

talk 强调交谈:talk to/with ….和……交谈  talk about …  谈论……

tell 强调“告诉”:tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb.

注意:say 还有“写着”的意思,例如:Look! There is a card. It says “CLOSED”.   29、be good to 对…… 友好 = be friendly/kind to…
30、help oneself  随便吃……  在使用时要注意反身代词的单复数。

例如:Jim, help yourself, please.   Help yourselves, boys.
help sb. = give sb. a hand 帮助……

help sb. with sth.  帮助某人做某事

例如:Can you help kids with swimming? 你能帮助孩子学游泳吗?

31、动词+介词 构成的动词短语,其宾语是名词的时候,可放在动词与介词之间,也可以放在介词的后面

例如: call sb. back = call back sb. 给……回电话 try sth on. = try on sth. 试穿……

注意:如果宾语是代词 it 或 them 则只能放在中间

例如:try it/them on.

32、all(of) 全部,所有(三者以上); both(and) 两者都……
放在助动词、情态动词、be 动词之后,行为动词之前

例如:We are all students, we all work hard.

My parents are both office workers.= Both my father and mother are office workers.

All of the girls look nice.

33、be from = come from…来自……
注意:动词的变化: She’s from China. = She comes from China.

She isn’t from England. = She doesn’t come from England.

常见的错误: Where is he come from?  Where does he from?
国籍的几种表达方法:

Tom 是个美国人。

Tom is American. Tom is an American. Tom is an American boy. Tom is from America. Tom comes from America.

总结:

国家n. 国家的adj. 人 n.
China   中国 Chinese Chinese
America 美国 American American(s)
Japan   日本 Japanese Japanese man(men)
Canada  加拿大 Canadian Canadian(s)
Australia 澳大利亚 Australian Australian(s)
England  英国 English Englishman(men)

34、购物的英语常用语:

售货员招呼顾客:① May I help you? ② Can I help you? ③ What can I do for you? ④ What would you like?
顾客常用语: ① No, thanks. I’m just looking . ② I’m looking for ... . ③ I’d like to have/buy ... . ④ Can you show me ... ? ⑤ Could I have a look at ... ?
询问顾客想买东西的特征: ① What kind would you like? ② What color would you like? ③ What color would you like?
顾客询问价格: ① How much is it(are they)? ②What’s the price of ...?
顾客决定要买:I’ll take/have it(them).
付钱: Here’s the money.

 

 

 

 

八年级上册英语知识点整理

U1T1

  • Be going to do sth.(后面加动词原形,表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,意为“准备;打算”,也表示推测将要或肯定会发生的动作)

否定句:be not going to do sth.

疑问句:be sb. going to do sth.?

特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+sb. going to do sth.?

  • see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事,强调看见事情的全过程或事情的经常性、重复性发生

see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行。类似单词watch,hear等

  • cheer sb. on为……加油,向……欢呼(宾语放在中间)

cheer sb. up(使)……振作/高兴起来(宾语放在中间)

  • practice sth.练习某事     practice doing sth.练习做某事
  • prefer(过去式preferred,现在分词preferring)=like better

用法:(1)prefer sth.更喜欢某物

(2)prefer A to B 相对于B更喜欢A

(3)prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事

(4)prefer doing A to doing B相对于做B事喜欢做A事

6、join & join in

Join:后加团队,组织,俱乐部

Join in=take part in=be in:后加活动

7、wish & hope

wish(1)wish+从句

(2)wish to do sth.希望做某事

(3)wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事

hope(1)hope +that从句

(2)hope to do sth.希望做某事

8、a bit=a little有一点,修饰形容词

a bit of+不可数名词=a little+不可数名词

quite a bit/a little=quite a lot相当多地

9、句式:主语+be+数词+量词+形容词

Eg.He is 2.26 meters tall.

10、(1)play for为……效力

(2)play against与……比赛

(3) play with 玩某物/与某人玩

11、dream of/about(doing)sth.梦见……

12、grow(过去式grew)

(1)做“生长”讲,不及物动词

Eg:The flowers grow very well.

(2)做“种植”讲,及物动词

Eg:I grow some flowers in my garden.

13、spend & cost & take

Spend(人做主语)花费时间和金钱

Sb. spend…in some place某人在某地度过多长时间

Sb. spend…(in) doing sth.某人花费时间或金钱做某事

Sb. spend…on sth.某人在某事上花费金钱或时间

Cost(物做主语)花费金钱

Sth. cost sb. some money某物花费某人多少钱

Take(it做主语)花费时间

It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间

14、be good/bad for…对……有益处/害处

15、exercise n.锻炼,做操,练习,习题 v.锻炼

do exercise 做运动、做锻炼

do eye exercises 做眼保健操(分节时exercise加-s)

do morning exercises 做早操

16、be good at 擅长于…的

be good at sth.=do well in sth.擅长某事

be good at doing sth.=do well in doing sth.擅长做某事

17、keep healthy= keep fit 保持健康

18、make & keep

Make(1)make+宾语+adj.“使…保持…”

Eg: You make me happy.

(2)make+宾语+n.

Eg: We made him monitor.

(3)make+宾语+do sth.=ask+宾语+to do sth.

Eg: My mom makes me clean the room.

=My mom asks me to clean the room.

(4)make+宾语 doing sth,使某人一直做某事

Keep(1)keep+adj.

Eg:Keep quiet.

(2)keep+宾语+adj“使…保持….”

Eg:These gloves will keep your hands warm.

(3)keep doing sth. 一直做某事

(4)keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事

(5)keep a pet 养一个宠物

19、be popular with sb.对某人来说很受欢迎(受到某人的喜爱)

20、arrive in+大地点(城市、国家……)到达……

arrive at+小地点(乡村、车站……Attention:飞机场是小地点)到达……

Attention:arrive,get 后可直接加地点副词

21、leave 离开(过去式为left)

leave (A) for B (从A处)动身前往B地

Attentionleave是趋向动词,常用现在进行时表将来,类似动词还有:come,go,arrive,stay等

Leave还可以当“把……留下”

22、excited人感到兴奋的

exciting (物)令人感到兴奋的

类似的词还有:    interested---interesting    relaxed---relaxing

              bored---boring          surprised---surprising

              shocked---shocking      tired---tiring等等

23、a number of+可数名词复数=many+可数名词复数“大量的,许多的”谓语动词用复数

The number of+可数名词复数,“…的数量”,谓语动词用单数

Number用large,small修饰 & Price用high和low修饰,

U1T2

  • One of+可数名词复数,表示“……其中之一”,其谓语动词用单数
  • fall ill生病,得病(fall为系动词,后面加形容词)

be ill & fall ill

fall ill强调动作,短暂性动词词组,不能和“for+时间段”连用

be ill强调状态,是持续性行为,可以和“for+时间段”连用

3、be glad to do sth.乐意做某事

4、句式:Would you mind (not)+v.-ing+其它?

回答:I am sorry… /I’d afraid you’d better not.(委婉拒绝)

Certainly not./Of course not./No, not at all./Never mind.(赞同和接受对方建议)

其它用法:(1)Would you mind+形容词性物主代词/宾格+doing sth.

Eg: Would you mind my/me smoking here?

(2)Would you mind +if 从句?

Eg:Would you mind if I smoke ?=Would you mind my smoking?

5、双宾语结构:kick sth. to sb.=kick sb. sth.把某物体给某人

pass sth. to sb.=pass sb. sth.把某物传给某人

  • shout to sb.冲某人高声喊

shout at sb.冲某人(生气地)叫喊,有骂的含义

  • have a fight(n.) with sb.=fight(v.) with sb.与某人争论或打架

Attentionfight for sth.为……而奋斗

          fight against………作斗争(争吵)

  • do one’s best=try one’s best尽某人最大努力

do one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力去做某事

  • be angry with sb.因某人而生气

be angry with sb. for sth. 因某人做了某事而生气

be angry at/about sth.因某事而生气

  • be sorry for/about (doing) sth.因(做了)某事而感到抱歉
  • have fun (in ) doing sth.在做某事中获得了极大乐趣
  • be sure that +从句,表示确信……

如果sure后面的主语和前面的主语是同一个,就用“be sure to do sth.

如果不是同一个主语就用“be sure that……”

补充:be sure of/about……对…确信/肯定/有把握,后面可以是名词或代词

13、(1)at first起初,一开始

First of all首先,尤为重要的是(反义词组at last)

(2)so that…(引导目的状语从句)“为了…,以便于…”

& so+adj./adv.+that…(引导结果状语从句)“如此…以至于…”

拓展:too…to…“太…以至于不能…”

not …enough to “不足够…做某事”

  • throw…through…“扔…穿过…”
  • throw…away扔掉,抛弃

throw…around(about)乱扔     throw…into把…扔进…

throw…out of…把…抛出去

  • stop sb. (from) doing sth.

=prevent…(from)doing sth.

=keep…from doing sth.阻止某人做某事

  • for example& such as

for example+句子,前为句号后有逗号,可放在句首、句中、句末

such as+名词或名词性短语,放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,前为逗号后没有逗号

18、(1)some of+[C]复数/宾格人称代词复数,谓语动词用复数,意为“…其中一些…

(2)some of+[U],谓语动词用单数

拓展:many of+可数名词复数,“…中的很多(人或事)”

much of+不可数名词“…中的很多”

 

19、turn… into…将…变成…

Turn & get & become

Turn,指性质、品质、状态、颜色放生变化,后面加形容词或名词         turn A into B“把A变成B”

Get,多用于口语,表示一种变化过程,强调“渐渐变得”,后面加形容词的比较级

Become,多指身份、职位等的变化,强调变化的结果,后面加形容词

20、用v.-ing表示伴随状语,前后两句中间有逗号

21、hit one’s head=hit sb. on the head打某人的头

22、be+v.-过去分词,表示被动

23、by(prep.)+doing sth. 通过某种方式去做某事

24、be angry at/about sth.对于某事很生气

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U1T3

1、  Sb. do sth. for the first time.

=It’s the first time for sb. to do sth.

=It’s one’s first time to do sth.这是某人第一次去做某事

  • Let’s make(约定) it half past six.

Attention:这里的时间前不加at

3、a symbol of(名词词组),“…的标志”

Stand for(动词词组),“代表,象征”

  • each+可数名词单数,“每一个”
  • Every:

①every+可数名词单数

②句式:every+基数词+名词复数

Eg: every four years“每四年,每隔三年”

every three days“每三天,每隔两天”

  • have the chance to do sth.有机会去做某事
  • one day 有一天,可用在将来时,也可以是过去时

the other day 不久前的一天,用于一般过去时

  • be able to do sth.(可用于各种时态)=can do sth.(只有一般现在时和一般过去时)“能够做某事”
  • with the help of sb. =with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
  • be going to & will & shall(一般将来时)
    1. be going to+动词原形

①表示打算、近期要做的事情

②有迹象表明即将发生的事

  1. will+动词原形

①表示带意愿色彩的将来或客气的邀请或命令时

②表示说话人认为某事会发生

③客观事情的发生与主观愿望或判断无关

  1. shall+动词原形,主语为第一人称
  • 表示未来的事实或对将来的预测
  • 表示带意愿色彩的将来或客气的邀请或命令时
    1. be+v.-ing表示将来(位移动词):start/leave/fly/move/go/stay/come/arrive等

11、for the first time“首次,第一次”在句子中做时间状语

12、make friends交朋友

make friends with sb. 与……交朋友

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U2T1

  • well:①表示身体好的,健康的

②adv.好地

  • What’s wrong with sb.?

=What happened to sb.?某人怎么了?

  • have a headache/toothache/backache/stomachache/fever

头疼/牙疼/背疼/胃疼/发烧

have the flu 患流感

严重的病可用terrible或bad来修饰

  • I’m sorry+动词不定式,或I’m sorry +that 从句表示对所做错事的一种歉意或听到不好消息时的委婉表达
  • should,情态动词,常用来建议或告诫别人该做什么不该做什么,后面加动词原形

(否定形式:shouldn’t)

  • had better do sth.最好做某事

had better not do sth.最好不要做某事

  • 现在完成时句子基本构成:have/has+动词的过去分词(have和has是助动词,无意义)
  • take sb. to sp.带某人去某地
  • have a rest=take a rest休息一下
  • suggest=advise建议()

suggest sb.(not) to do sth.

advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不要)去做某事

suggestion(可数)=advice(不可数)建议(n.)

一条建议 a piece of advice

两条建议 two pieces of advice

  • take pills(pill,可数,专指药丸)

take medicine(medicine,不可数,泛指药)

Attention:吃药不能用have和eat

  • feel like(介词) doing sth.=want to do sth.=would like to do sth.       想要做某事
  • nothing,something,anything等不定代词碑形容词修饰时,形容词放其后
  • while & when(引导时间状语从句)当……时候

While:①动词必须是延续性动词

②从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时

③强调主句的动作在从句的动作发生过程中

When:①动词可以是短暂性动词,也可以是延续性动词

②主句用过去进行时,从句一般用一般过去时

③从句和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生

  • need:① need sth.“某人需要某物”

②sb. need to do sth.“某人需要做某事”

③sth. need doing sth.=sth. need to be+过去分词“某物需要被…”

     Attention:在否定句种和疑问句中need为情态动词

16、run to sb.向某人跑去

run into sb.撞到某人

17、hurt:vt.使伤心,伤害(强调动作)

             vi.受伤,受疼痛(强调状态)

adj.受伤的,痛的

18、check over=look over仔细检查(代词放中间Eg:check me over)

19、help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事

help sb. with sth.

20、ask:请两天的假:ask for two days’ leave   =ask for two-day leave

ask for help请求,恳求

ask sb. for help向某人求救

(call sb. for help向某人打电话求救)

21、return to=go back to返回…(当地点为地点副词时,去掉to)

22、too much+不可数名词“太多…”

much too+形容词“太…”

       too many+可数名词复数

       too much 放在动词后,表示“做某事太多次”

23、thanks/thank you for sth./doing sth.

因为(做)某事而感谢某人

24、接受建议:follow(take)the advice

25、worry & worried

Sb. worry about sth.(强调担心的动作)

Sb. be worried about sth.(强调担心的状态)

26、for+时间段,回答由“How long”引导的问句

27、take:take medicine(pills)吃药

take the temperature 量体温

take…to…带某人或某物去某地

take away 带走

take off 脱下,起飞

take…with… 随身携带某物

 

U2T2

  • 动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数
  • Because():后面加句子

Cause(v.):后面加宾语

  • without()后面加名词、代词、动名词
  • must:①情态动词,后面加动词原形

②在肯定句中,表示肯定推测,可能性最大

③引导一般疑问句,答语:Yes,主语+must.

No,主语+needn’t或don’t have to.

拓展:表示推测:肯定:must>can>could>may>might

Must语气最强烈,“一定”

can理论上可能,但未必会发生,“可能”

could再次“can”,“可能”

may/might无把握的推测,“也许,可能”(might比may更没有把握)

否定:can’t>couldn’t>may not>might not

can’t,语气最强烈,“一定不“

couldn’t,比can’t语气弱,表示某事不一定真实,“可能不”

may not和might not(无把握的)否定推测,“或许不”

 用于疑问句的推测,一般只用can和could

  • say表示电话、报纸、广播、布告、电视上说,不一定能真正意义上说出声,但表达传递出了一定的内容
  • even adv.通常置于所修饰词之前,若有助动词放助动词后,还可修饰比较级(还有a lot,much,a little)
  • ask sb.(not) to do sth.要求某人(不要)做某事

tell sb.(not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事

  • give up:①后加宾语(名词、代词、动名词)

②加代词作宾语,宾语放中间(give it up)

  • enough:① “充分的,足够的”,加名词

②adv.“充分地,足够地”,修饰形容词和副词,放其后

③n. “足够”

  • 主过从过:主句用过去时,宾语从句也用过去时

Eg: She said it might cause illness.

主将从现:主句用将来时,状语从句用一般现在时表将来

Eg: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will play soccer.

as soon as “…就马上…”引导时间状语从句,此句型“主将从现”

Eg: I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.

11、照顾好某人:①care for sb. very well.

②look after sb. very well.

③take good care of sb.

12、强迫某人(不要)做某事    Force sb. (not) to do sth.

13、感官动词:taste sound feel look smell

尝起来,听起来,感觉起来,看起来,闻起来

(感官动词后面加形容词)

 

 

  • Could & may

could:①can的过去式

②在疑问句中表示委婉请求

may:①表推测,可能,用于肯定句中

②表请求、许可,意为“可以”,可和“can”互换(表请求时用于第一人称的

一般疑问句时,否定回答用mustn’t或can’t)

③表祝愿

  • do harm to sb.对某人有害
  • not only…but(also)…不仅…而且…,并列两个对等的句子成分。并列两个主语时,谓语动词与后一个保持一致,即“就近原则”
  • risk doing sth.冒风险做某事
  • over=more than多于……

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U2T3

  • talk to sb.强调一方向另一方说话

talk with sb.强调双方谈话

talk with/to sb. about sth. 和某人谈论(讨论)某事

  • keep away from…=stay away from…=get away from…“远离……”
  • question & problem

question:[C](容易解决、口头回答的问题,与ask和answer搭配)

problem:[C](抽象问题Eg:心理问题,社会问题……,与solve搭配)

  • go ahead and do sth.赶快做某事
  • “to do…”为不定式短语,为目的状语,“为了…”

6、must & have to

Must强调说话者的主观看法(无人称、数和时态时的变化)

Have to强调客观的需要(有人称、数和时态的变化)

  • open()打开  反义词  close(v.)关闭【强调动作】

open(adj.)打开着的  反义词  closed(adj.)关闭着的【强调状态】

8、  afraid:

①I am afraid(that)…(口语常用结构。表示遗憾地)认为…恐怕…

②be afraid of sth,/be afraid of doing sth./be afraid that…

担心某事/担心做某事/害怕…

③be afraid to do sth.(害怕其结果而)不敢做…

9、给某人打电话:call sb. up=give sb. a call(人称代词放中间)

10、right now=right away=at once 马上

11、留口信 leave a message

捎口信give a/the message

传口信 take a message

给某人捎口信 give a message to sb.=take a message for sb.

12、sth. happens to sb./sth.  某人/某物发生某事

happen to do sth.碰巧做某事

  • try to do sth.设法/尽力/试图做某事

try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事

try one’s best=do one’s best某人尽自己最大的努力

  • stay:

stay+adj.“保持某种状态”,相当于“keep+adj.”

  • say no to “拒绝、远离”,后面加名词、代词、动名词

类似的结构:say thanks/goodbye/hello/sorry to

  • give a talk to sb.给某人一个讲话

give a talk about sth.一个关于某事的讲话

give a talk about sth. to sb.给某人一个关于某事的讲话

  • stop to do sth.停下来去做某事

stop doing sth.停下来正在做的事

  • get sb./sth. doing sth.(使某人/物一直怎么样---进行中)
  • instead of+名词/代词/动名词“代替,而不是”介词短语

instead是副词,只能单独使用

  • until“一直到…”,多用于肯定句,主句动词多为延续性动词

not…until…“直到…才…”,主句动词多为短暂性动词

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U3T1

1、In one’s free time=in one’s spare time“在业余时间,在闲暇之际”

2、①go+doing表示“去做某事”

②go+v.-ing结构很常用,多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动

③do+v.-ing表示“干某事”

3、Why not do sth.?=Why don’t you do sth.?=How about doing sth.? 用于口语中,用来征求对方的意见或表达建议

4、maybe & may be

Maybe adv.也许、可能、大概,常位于句首,同义词:perhaps

May be,may是情态动词,be是动词原形,两者构成完整的谓语形式,与主语形成系表结构,意为“也许是、可能是”

5、change:①v.改变  ②n.改变[C];零钱[U]

6、喜欢做某事like doing sth.(强调喜欢)=prefer doing sth.(强调更喜欢)=love doing sth.(强调喜欢的程度深)=be fond of doing sth.(相当于like)=be interested in doing sth.(更强调于乐趣)=enjoy doing sth.(强调享受的喜欢)

7、某人在闲暇时间内经常做什么?

What do sb. often do when sb. be free?(时间状语从句)

=What do sb. often do when sb. have time?(时间状语从句)

8、rent:①rent sb. sth.=rent sth. to sb.把某物租给某人

②rent sth. from sb.从某人处租到某物

拓展:从某人处借到某物(借进来):borrow sth. from sb.

把某物借给某人(借出去):lend… sth. to sb.

长时间借(延续性):keep

9、used to(动词不定式) do:过去常常做某事(现在不做了)

否定:didn’t use to do sth.=used not to do sth.(不常用)

一般疑问句:did sb. use to do sth.?

=used sb. to do sth.?(不常用)

答语:Yes, sb. did./No, sb. didn’t.或Yes,sb. used./No,sb. usedn’t(不常用)

特殊疑问句:What did sb. use to do?

Attention:be used to(介词)doing sth.?习惯于做某事

10、learn: ①vt.   Ⅰlearn sth. from sth./sb.从某人或某物处学到…

Ⅱ learn from…向…学习

②learn…by heart用心记住…

11、decide to do sth.决定去做某事

12、stick doing sth.坚持做某事

13、stick A to B把A粘到B上

14、share sth. from sb.和某人分享某物

15、provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物

16、be special to sb.对某人来说很特别

17、whether & if引导宾语从句时的区别

(1)引导宾语从句时,可互换

(2)whether后可接or not,而if不能

(3)不定式前用whether,而不用if

(4)介词后面用whether而不用if

 

 

U3T2

  • 感叹句构成:
  • How+⒈形容词+主语+谓语+!

2.主语+谓语!

②What+1.a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+!

2.形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+!

3.形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!

2、kind of+可数名词复数,表示“…的种类”

3、be popular with sb.“…受某人的欢迎/喜爱”

be famous for=be known for 因…而出名(出名原因)

be famous as=be well known as以某种身份而出名,被公认为…

4、everyday=daily (adj.)“日常的,普通的”,只作定语

  every day“每天”,常作状语

5、at the age of…=when sb. was ...years old“在(某人)…岁时” 

6、开始做某事start to do sth.=start doing sth.=begin to do sth.=begin doing sth.

7、as+形容词或副词原级+as“和…一样”

否定:not as…as或not so…as

8、make sb. sth.=make sth. for sb.为某人制作某物

9、bring sth. for sb.=bring sb. sth.为某人带某物

10、own(adj.):①放名词所有格后

Eg:Is this Maria’s own idea?

②放形容词性物主代词后

Eg:I have my own study at home.

③of one’s own某人自己的某物

④on one’s own独自,相当于by oneself

Own(v.):拥有(合法拥有)

Eg:Who owns Pang Donglai Shopping Hall?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U3T3

1、Hold the line.=Wait a moment.=Wait a second.=Wait a minute.等一下

2、chat(过去式chatted,一般分词:chatting)with sb.和某人聊天

3、过去进行时使用条件:过去某一时间点或时间段发生的事情或存在的状态(过去某时间段内的持续性动作),时间状语:at xx o’clock, at this/that time/moment, then, when, while, from xx o’clock to xx o’clock……

4、agree:①agree to(prep.) sth.(一件建议或计划安排)

②agree on sth.(要确定一件事,双方达成一致意见)

③agree with sb.(sb.’s idea)同意某人(某人的想法)

④agree to do sth./agree that+从句“同意做某事”

5、pleased(adj.)(某人)高兴的,喜欢的,满意的

①be pleased at/about sth.对某事感到满意的

②be pleased with sb. 对某人感到满意的

③be pleased to do sth. 很满意去做某事

pleasure[U]愉快,高兴,满足

please adv.请

vt.使(某人)满意

pleasant:令人愉快的,舒适的(物为主语)

 

6、no one“没有一个人”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数,回答由Who引导的问句

none(全部否定) 指没有人(或物),作主语时,谓语动词单复数均可,回答由How many或How much引导的问句

Attention: Not all是不完全否定,即部分否定

7、voice[C]嗓音 & sound[U/C]泛指一切声音 & noise[U]噪音

8、match①n.火柴,比赛,相配的人(或物)(比game更正规的比赛,game带有游戏性)

②v.把…配对

Match A with B“把A和B配对”

9、a/ an+序数词,“又一,再一”

the+序数词,强调先后顺序

10、died:①He died(v.).强调死的瞬间

②He was dead(adj.) for two days.强调死了的状态

③He is dying(v.).强调奄奄一息

④His death(n.) made me sad.

11、be afraid to do sth.害怕去做某事

12、at church在教堂(做礼拜)

at the church在教堂(不一定做礼拜)

go to church 去教堂(做礼拜)

go to the church 去教堂(不一定做礼拜)

 

13、however & but

However(adv.)可以单独使用,后面加逗号,一般放置于句首

But(conj.)不可以单独使用,后面没有逗号,一般放置于句中,后面加句子

14、at the beginning of…“在…的开始”

the beginning of…“…的开始”

15、亲密的朋友是用close而不是closed

 

U4T1

1、think about 考虑

think over=think about…carefully仔细考虑

think of认为,想起

(What do you think of it?=How do you like it?)

  • 形容词比较级用法:
  • 比较级+than(比较对象可以是一个词,一个短语或一个句子)
  • 比较级+and+比较级“越来越…”
  • 当某一事物与其它事物作比较时,被比较食物中不能包括本身(可以与最高级互换)

Eg: ⒈Shanghai is larger than any city in Hubei.

⒉He is taller than any other(any other加可数名词单数) student in his class

  • 如果比较对象相同,可用that,those代替第二个比较对象
  • The+比较级,the+比较级“越...,越…”
  • 表示两者中“较…”时,用“the+形容词比较级+of”短语来表达
  • 形容词比较级可以用much,a little,a lot,even等修饰

 

形容词的比较等级的规则变化

构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级

一般在词尾加-er或-est great

strong

greater

stronger

greatest

strongest

以字母e结尾的词加-r或-st brave

fine

braver

finer

bravest

finest

以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er或-est big

fat

 

bigger

fatter

 

biggest

fattest

以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-er或-est happy

lucky

 

happier

luckier

happiest

luckiest

多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前面加more或most serious

interesting

 

more serious

 

more interesting

most serious

 

most

interesting

 

不规则变化,常见的有

原级 比较级 最高级
good/well Better best
bad/ill Worse worst
many/much More most
little Less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest

3、be important to sb.(常用)=be important for sb.

对于某人来说很重要

4、as we know=it’s known that众所周知

5、sing to sb.(强调对象)=sing for sb.(为了…)

6、cover:①v. 覆盖,遮盖,掩盖  cover…with…用…覆盖…

②n. 封面,封皮  from cover to cover从头到尾

7、play a important part扮演一个重要的角色

8、数词%+①可数名词复数

②可数名词单数

③不可数名词

Attention:谓语动词的单复数与名次的单复数有关

9、protection…from…保护某人/某物免于…

10、feed(过去式fed,过去分词fed) on 以…为食

feed sth. to sb.把…喂给…吃

feed sb. with sth.拿…来喂…

11、动词不定式做后置定语修饰前面的名词或代词时,它们之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。若动词为不及物动词,咬在其后面加上相应的介词(如果动词不定式所修饰的词为place,way,time时,动词不定式后面的介词可省略)

12、danger(n.)反义词safety(n.)

Dangerous(adj.)反义词safe(adj.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U4T2

1、fall down突然倒下,跌到,倒塌

fall off 从…掉下来    fall behind 落在…后面

2、“另外…个”another+数字+n.=数字+ more +n.

3、hear about=hear of  听说,后面加名词或名词词组

hear from sb.=receive a letter/letters from sb.  收到某人的来信

4、how to do句型:特殊疑问词+不定式结构

5、remember to do sth.记得做某事(没有做)

remember doing sth.记得做某事(做过了)

forget to do sth.忘记了做某事(没有做)

forget doing sth.忘记了做某事(做过了)

6、else:修饰特殊疑问词和不定代词,放其后

7、stay calm=keep calm“保持镇定,保持冷静”

8、try to do sth.“尽力或设法做某事”,强调付出一定的努力或设法地去完成

try doing sth.“尝试着做某事”,不一定付出很多大的努力

9、be careful of…“注意,当心”后接名词,代词,动名词

be careful with…“对…仔细”,有以免出差错之意

10、turn:⑴①turn off关掉     ②turn on打开

③turn up开大      ④turn down关小

⑵作系动词时,后面接表示颜色的形容词

⑶作实义动词,①turn…into…把…变成…

②turn out生产;结果是

③turn in交上,归还

④turn back往回走,返回到

⑷作名词,   ①in turn轮流,依次

②It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事

③take turns to do sth.轮流做某事

11、indoors(adv.)反义词outdoors

in doors(介词词组)反义词组out of doors

12、shock ①n.(爆炸的)剧烈震荡

②(精神上的)打击

③休克,中风

13、happen:

①sth. happen+time/place“某事在某时或某地发生”

②sth. happen to sb.“某事发生在某人身上”

14、whole & all

the whole 加可数名词单数(the放其前)   all the加可数名词复数(the放其后)

return to+地点=go back to+地点(如果地点为地点副词,则不加介词to)

15、(不确切)成百上千hundreds of

   (确切)  五百     5 hundred

16、with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的帮助下

without the help of sb.=without one’s help没有某人的帮助

17、send sb. to do sth.派遣、打发某人去做某事

send for派人去请

send up发射

18、provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物

U4T3

  • face to face面对面

neck and neck齐头并进

hand in hand手拉手

2、The Internet    makes     the world      smaller.

主语       谓语        宾语        宾语补足语

宾语补足于是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后,可以用作宾补的有名词短语、形容词短语、动词不定式、动名词

3、表达“…世纪…年代”时,在表示年份的数字后面加-s或-es

4、①be sure+that引导的从句,that可以省略,意为“确信”

②当表示不确定时,用be not sure+whether/if引导的从句,意为“不确定是否…”

③be sure of/about sth./doing sth.“确信…”“对…有把握”

④be sure to do sth.表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断,认为句子主语“必定”、“必然会”、“准会”

⑤be sure to do用在祈使句中,表示对对方的要求,意为“务必要”,“一定要”

5、by意为“通过,用,由”,表示方法、手段,后常跟doing

6、search”搜索,搜查“,后面跟搜索的范围

search for 后面跟“寻找“的目标对象

search+搜索的范围+for+寻找的目标对象

7、advice about/on 关于…的建议

8、correct vt.改正,修正 correct sb./sth.

9、change…into…“把…变成…  ,  把…译成…”

change into…“变成…”

10、Attention:一些感官动词和使役动词常用不带to的不定式做宾补

一个感觉两个听(feel,listen to,hear)

三让四看一逃兵(let,make,have,look at,see,watch,notice,get sb. to do sth.)

援军做了墙头草(help sb. do/to do)(see/hear也可以+sb./sth. doing)

需要掌握:make/let/see/hear/help sb. do sth.

11、look up查阅(动副结构,代宾放中间)

Eg:look it up

 

 

万能句型:It is+adj.+(for sb.)+to do sth.

 

 

 

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  • 本文由 发表于 2024年1月20日10:41:41
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