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八下期末复习
Module 6
- a collection of…。。。的收集
collector 名词,收集者
- a bit of a mess有一点乱
be in a mess一团糟
make a mess制造混乱
- value 名词,价值
valuable 形容词,有价值的
sth be of great value to sb 某物对某人有巨大的价值
- tidy up使干净,使整洁
- grow as a person长大成人
- develop your interest开发你的兴趣
- encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事
Encouragement 名词,鼓励
- as a result结果,因此
- be interested in doing sth对…感兴趣
Have an interest in doing sth对…感兴趣
- in my free time在空闲时间
- advantage 名词,有点
Take advantage of欺骗,占…的便宜
Eg:He took advantage of the good weather to go for a walk.
他趁着天气好,出去散散步。
- have a look take a look 看一看
have a look at sth看一看…
- people 人们,集合名词,做主语,谓语用复数
Person 人,可数名词
- success 名词,成功
Successful 形容词,成功的
Successfully 副词,成功地
Succeed动词,成功
succeed in doing sth成功做某事
- pleasure, happiness 名词,快乐
Sadness 名词,悲伤
- run out of用光,吃光,消耗光
Module 7
- make a list列清单
make a list of... 列…的清单
- at the end of…在…的结尾,后接时间,时间,空间
by the end of…到…为止,在…结束之前,后接时间
in the end = at last = finally 最后
- weigh 动词,重…
Weight 名词,重量
- at the same time同时
- depend on/upon 取决于…,视…而定
- provide sth for sb为某人提供某物
= provide sb with sth 将某物提供给某人
Offer sb sth = offer sth to sb提供某人某物
- make great progress取得巨大进步
Make progress in doing sth 做某事取得进步
Make rapid progress取得快速进步
- stay/keep in touch with sb与某人保持联系
Get in touch with sb与某人取得联系
- prefer sth/doing sth更喜爱某事、做某事
Prefer to do sth宁愿做某事
Prefer sth/doing sth to sth/doing sth
更喜爱某事/做某事,而不喜爱某事/做某事
Prefer to do sth rather than do sth
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
- fill out填写(整体)
Fill in填写(细节上的,局部的)
- prepare for sth为…做准备
- get sth ready做好准备
- too much 太多,修饰不可数名词
Much too 太…,修饰形容词,副词
Too many 太多,修饰可数名词的复数
- write to sb给某人写信
Hear from sb收到某人的来信
- guide 指导,向导
Guard 守卫,保卫
- last + 一段时间,持续…时间
Last for + 一段时间,持续…时间
- well trained训练有素的
- personal choice个人选择
- as well as并且,还,连接两个主语时,就近原则
As well as+doing sth 除了…
- experience 名词,经验(不可数)经历(可数)
Experienced 形容词,经验丰富的
Have a lot of experience (in) doing sth 做某事有丰富的经验
- take trips to sp去某地旅行
- sb be certain to do sth某人一定做某事
Module 8
- hardly 副词,几乎不
Hard 形容词,困难的;副词,猛烈地,努力地
- believe sb相信某人(说的话)
Believe in sb相信某人(能力,品质)
- take up占去(空间和时间)
- point out指出
Point to 指向,较远的事物,侧重方向
Point at 指着,较近的事物,侧重对象
- go for a swim (walk, picnic等) 去游泳,散步,野餐等
- at/on the top of 在…的顶部
At the bottom of 在…的底部
- promise to do sth承诺做某事
Make a promise许下承诺
- look + 形容词 看起来…
Look like + 名词,看起来像…
- wake sb up叫醒某人
- move about四处走动
- camp by…在…的旁边宿营
- pull sth off sth从…上拽下…(注意:没有from)
- protect sb from doing sth保护某人不受…的伤害
Prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
= stop sb from doing sth
Keep away from…远离…
- Wish you were here!
虚拟语气:表达与现实相反,或不可能实现的事。
Be动词通常用were,无论主语是第几人称。
- waste 浪费 waste sth. 浪费
waste sth. in doing sth. 浪费某物做某事
注意:waste 做名词是不可数。但可以加不定贯词a。
waste 也可用作废水废物
- 一段时间 + off 休…时间的假
- travels faster than 比…传播的更快
- without + doing sth 没有做某事
Module 9
- separate 动词,使分开;形容词,分开的
Get separated (from sb) (与某人)分开
Separate A from B 把A和B分开
Divide sth into… 把…分割成…
注意:separate 侧重指把原来连在一起或靠近的人或物分开;
divide" 侧重于把一整体分成若干部分。
- explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth向某人解析…
- mention sth to sb向某人提及某事
- refuse to do sth拒绝做某事
- treat sb like/as…像…一样对待某人
- regret to do sth 对未做的事表示遗憾(未做)
Regret doing sth后悔做过某事(已做)
注意:regret的过去式为 regretted
- Patient 形容词,耐心的;名词,病人
be patient with…对…有耐心
Be patient to do sth 做某事有耐心
- introduce … to… 向…介绍…
- in silence 安静地
Silence 名词,安静
Silent 形容词,安静的
Silently 副词,安静的
- treasure n. 财富,财产(不可数) vt. 珍爱;珍藏
- include sth in sth把…包括进…
- suggest doing sth建议做某事
Suggest that + 从句
Suggestion 可数名词,建议
Advise doing sth 建议做某事
Advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
Advice 不可数名词,建议
- have a problem with sb 和某人有矛盾
Have a problem in doing sth做某事有困难,麻烦
= Have trouble in doing sth
- feel sure of oneself 对某人自己感到自信
- form a friendship with sb和某人建立友谊
make friends with sb和某人交朋友
Have been friends for + 一段时间,成为朋友…时间
- worry about sb担心某人 = Be worriedd about sb
- 一句话都没有说
Without a word
= without saying anything
= without any words
- the world is what you think it is.世界如你所想
- smile at…对…微笑
- circle of friends 朋友圈
Module 10
- thank you/thanks for sth/doing sth
因为(做)某事感谢某人
- show/take sb around (sp)带领某人参观(某地)
- avoid doing sth避免做某事
- in the background在背景里
- keep (on) doing sth 持续不断做某事
Keep (sb)+ 形容词,(使某人)保持…样的状态
- have/do an interview with sb 采访某人
= have/do interviews with sb = interview sb
- feel awful感到不舒服
- look down on/upon sb轻视某人
Look down at sb低头看某人
Look up to sb 仰视某人,表示尊敬
Look up sth in a dictionary 查字典
- close to在…的旁边
- it seems that + 从句 似乎…
It seems to sb that +从句,对某人来说,似乎…
主语+ seem + to do sth 似乎做某事
主语 + seem(+ to be)+ adj 似乎….
- not…but…不是…而是…
- at the age of在…岁时
= when sb is …years old.
- in person 亲自
By oneself,on one’s own 独自
- by doing sth通过做某事的方式
- look out of sth 从…向外看
Look out小心,向外看
- whatdo you have for breakfast?你早餐吃的什么?
- part-time jobs兼职工作
Full-time jobs全职共组
- be on air 正在播出
- national 国家的,民族的
- for the purpose of…为了…的目的
On purpose 故意地,有目的地
- 伴随情况状语用动词的ing形式,或with结构
Eg:The teacher came in the classroom, holding a book in his hand.
老师进入教室,手里拿着一本书。
= The teacher came in the classroom with a book in his hand.
- that’s the end of…某事到此结束
语法总结:宾语从句
一、引导词
- that引导陈述句,不能省略that的情况
* 宾语从句主语为that,引导词that不可省略;
* 主句与宾语从句中间有插入语时,that不能省略;
* That连接两个宾语从句时,第二个从句的that不能省;
* 宾语从句中还含有别的从句时,that不可省略
- If和whether引导一般疑问句,区别:
* Whether与or not连用;
* 介词之后只用whether;
* 动词不定式之前只用whether;
* if还可引导条件状语从句,主将从现。
- 特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问句,主句主语与从句主语一致时,可将宾语从句转换成“疑问词+ to do sth”
Eg:I don’t know where I should go.
= I don’t know where to go.
二.语序。宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序。
注意:what’t the matter? What’s wrong?本身就是陈述句语序。
三.时态
- 主句为现在时,从句用其原本的时态
- 主句为过去时,从句根据其原本的时态,变成相应的过去时:
* 一般现在 变 一般过去
* 一般将来 变 过去将来
* 一般过去 变 过去完成
注意:若从句中有过去时间,则时态不变仍为一般过去时。
* 现在进行 变 过去进行
* 现在完成 变 过去完成
* 过去进行时,过去完成时,时态不变。
- 从句描述客观真理,自然现象,名言警句时,无论主句是什么时态,从句都使用一般现在时。
语法总结:直接引语变间接引语
除了以上宾语从句的三点之外,还需要注意以下两点:
- 直接引语变间接引语时,一些词也需要变化:
This变these these变those now变then
here变there bring变take come变go
today变that day
yesterday变the day before
this week变that week
last week变the weekbefore
tomorrow变the next (following ) day
three days ago变three days before
next week变the next week
- 人称的变化:一随主。二随宾,第三人称不更新
* “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:
She said, "My brother wants to go with me. "
→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
* “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:
He said to Kate, "How is your sister now?"
→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
* “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:
Mr Smith said, "Jack is a good worker。"
→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。