初中英语五种基本句型及练习

英语五种基本句型

基本句型一: 主+系+表

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个名词或者形容词,才能表达完整的意思.系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化.be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用.其它系动词仍保持其部分词义.
1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典.
2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的味道很好.
3. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了
4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了.

基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)

此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词,介词短语,状语从句等.
1. The pen │writes smoothly. 这支笔书写流利.

2. The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
3. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时.

 

基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾
此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整.这类动词叫做及物动词.
1. Who │knows │the answer？ 谁知道答案？
2. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书.
3. My sister is writing a letter at this moment. 我妹妹此刻正在写一封信。

 

基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+间接宾语+直接宾语
此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思. 最常见接双宾语的动词：give,  lend,  offer, show,  tell,  buy,  choose,  bring,  get,  leave,  make ,

1.He │ gave │me │ a book 他给了我一本书。
2. He │bought │you │a dictionary.他给你买了一本字典.
3. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器.

基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语（宾+宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整.
1. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色.
2. They │found │the house │clean。他们发现那房子很
3. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来.
4.I heard him singing a song in the next room.

 

基本句型翻译练习

基本句型一: 主+系+表

1. 当时他看起来不高兴。

________________________________________________________________________________2. 我喜欢的运动是游泳和滑冰。

________________________________________________________________________________3. 我擅长英语。

________________________________________________________________________________4. 收到你的来信我很高兴。

________________________________________________________________________________5. 在公路对面有一栋新教学楼。

________________________________________________________________________________6. 图书馆里有各种各样的书籍、报纸和杂志。

________________________________________________________________________________7. 天变得越来越黑。

________________________________________________________________________________8. 这食物吃起来挺可口的。

________________________________________________________________________________9. 这故事听起来很有趣。

________________________________________________________________________________基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)

1. 1984年至1990年我在光明小学（Guangming Primary School）学习。

________________________________________________________________________________2. 时间很快过去了。

________________________________________________________________________________3. 这几年我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。

________________________________________________________________________________4. 在过去的10年间它的经济发展迅速。

________________________________________________________________________________5. 过去他早上习惯于早起。

________________________________________________________________________________

基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾

1. 去年在学校电脑竞赛中我获得了一等奖。

________________________________________________________________________________2. 在业余时间我喜欢听流行音乐和收集邮票。

________________________________________________________________________________

3. 3. 我们也在校园内和周围种上了许多树。

________________________________________________________________________________4. 晚上，我可以看电视新闻或看报纸。

________________________________________________________________________________5. 在回家的路上他把钱给丢了。

________________________________________________________________________________

6. 6. 才艺展示（Talent Show）将于6月18日在北京电视台举行。

________________________________________________________________________________

基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾（间宾+直宾）

1. 去年王老师教我们英语。

________________________________________________________________________________2. 明天我要给他写封信，告诉他这个好消息。

________________________________________________________________________________3. 在我14岁生日时，爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。

________________________________________________________________________________4. 昨晚我花了两小时才完成作业。

________________________________________________________________________________

基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语（宾+宾补）

1. 当时我看到那些孩子在河边玩。

________________________________________________________________________________2. 我们正在使我们的国家变得越来越美丽。

________________________________________________________________________________

3. 3. 我注意到凯特整个早上都在图书馆里看书。

________________________________________________________________________________4. 父亲叫我给他带些报纸来。

________________________________________________________________________________

基本句型翻译综合练习：

1. 那噪音太响，我无法继续学习（so  that）。

________________________________________________________________________________2. 得知你9月份要来我很高兴。(be very glad to)

________________________________________________________________________________3. 人们需要一个可以休息和玩乐的地方。(a place where的定语从句)

________________________________________________________________________________4. 在过去，人们主要通过写信、打公共电话来彼此保持联系。（kept in touch with  by+doing）

________________________________________________________________________________

5. 5. 为了改善北京交通，政府应鼓励更多人使用公共交通或自行车。(In order to/ encourage more people to use)

________________________________________________________________________________

基础写作（活动安排）

(一)写作注意事项：

1. 活动安排的写作一般使用将来时, 文章结构以总分为主, 第一句往往要清楚说明活动举办目的和内容。
2. 活动安排的写作基本都涉及到地点和时间的安排, 应该注意表达时间和地点的介词使用。
3. 活动安排的应用文多属于通知类, 其给出的中文提示往往隐藏主语, 可以考虑使用祈使句或者被动语态。

（二）相关短语

1.sign up 报名                          2. improve our spoken English 提高我们的口语

3. will be held 将被举行                  4.you are warmly welcome to 热烈欢迎你……
4. 5. aim to 目的是；旨在                   promote the campus culture 弘扬校园文化
5. 7. arouse our interest 激发兴趣             8. develop our ability in 培养……的能力
6. 9. are encouraged to 被鼓励做……10.have the great honor to很荣幸
7. 11. organize an English-speaking contest 组织一次英语演讲比赛
8. 12. hold an English writing activity called... 举行叫作……的英语写作活动

（三）相关句型：

1. 如果你有兴趣, 请在下周四下午五点前到办公室报名, 以便我们作必要安排。

If_______________________________, please ______________________at the office before 5: 00 pm next Thursday so that  we will make necessary arrangements.

2. 我们很荣幸请来了何教授在本周五下午4: 00-5: 00给我们讲述关于中西方文化差异的讲座, 讲座将会在学校体育馆举行。

We ________________________________have invited Professor He to give us a wonderful lecture_______________________________ between eastern and  western cultures this Friday afternoon, which ______________________in the school stadium between 4:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m.

3. 为了增长我们的环保知识, 提高英语口语, 学生会将要举办一个演讲比赛；

In order to______________________about the environment and _______________________, the Students’ Union is going to __________________- an English-speaking contest

4,我们学校将举行叫作青春校园的英语写作活动,目的是弘扬校园文化和培养学生英语写作能力，

Our school is going to________________________________________ called “Youth Campus”,

which aims to________________________________________________________ and ____________________

______________________________________________________.

 (四)实战演练：

你校英语科组将举办“英语卡拉ok(Karaoke)大赛”。内容写一个书面通知, 欢迎大家积极参与。

[写作内容]

目的	丰富校园生活；激发同学们的英语学习兴趣；提高英语口语
对象	对英语歌曲有兴趣的同学
比赛时间	12月28日下午4：00-6：00
报名时间	11月25日前
报名方式	Esongcontest@126.com
比赛地点	学校舞台
注意	自备歌曲；自备服装；可伴舞

根据以上内容可以整合为下面五句话：

1.你校英语科组将举办“英语卡拉ok大赛”。目的：丰富校园生活；激发同学们的英语学习兴趣；提高英语口语。

2. 比赛时间：12月28日下午4：00-6：00。比赛地点：学校舞台。

3.对象：对英语歌曲有兴趣的同学。报名时间：11月25日前。报名方式：Esongcontest@126.com。

4. 注意：自备歌曲；自备服装；可伴舞。

5.欢迎大家积极参与。

In order to__________________ our school life, _______________________ in English and ________________________________, the English department will ________an “English Karaoke Contest”. The contest________________________on the stage of our school from _________________ to ____________on ________________.If you __________________English songs, please __________________at Esongcontest@126.com before______________.Remember  to ___________________________________ and costume, and you can invite your classmates to dance for you. All the students are welcome to _______________  it.

 

 

基础写作训练（一）英语五种基本句型

基本句型一: 主+系+表

1. He looked unhappy at that time.2. My favourite sports are swimming and skating.
2. I am very good at English.4. I was so pleased to hear from you.
3. On the other side of the road there is a new classroom/teaching building.
4. In the library there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.
5. It is getting darker and darker.8. The food tastes delicious.
6. The story sounds very interesting.

基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)1. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.   2. The time passed quickly.    3. Great changes have taken place in our hometown these years.

4. Its economy has developed rapidly in the past ten years.5. He used to get up early in the morning.

基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾

1. Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition.
2. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.
3. 3. We also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.
4. 4. He lost the money on his way home.
5. 5. Talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.
6. 6. In the afternoon, I’ll show you around and take you to some places of interest.

基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾（间宾+直宾）1. Mr Wang taught us English last year.

2. Tomorrow I’ll write him a letter and tell him the good news.
3. 3. On my 14^thbirthday, Father bought me a new bike.
4. 4. It took me two hours to finish my homework last night.

基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语1. I saw the kids/children playing by the river at that time.

2. We are making our country more and more beautiful.
3. 3. I noticed Kate reading in the library all the morning.
4. 4. Father asked me to bring him some newspapers.

基本句型翻译综合练习：1. The noise was so loud that I couldn't go on studying.

2. I’m veryglad to learn that you’re coming in September.
3. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves.
4. 4. In the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone.
5. 5. In order to improve the traffic in Beijing, the government should encourage more people to use public transport and bicycles.

（三）相关句型：1 are interested in    sign up

2.have the great honor to  about the differences  will be held

3.increase our knowledge    improve our spoken English. organize

4.hold an English writing activity    promote the campus culture,

develop our ability in English writing.

（四 ）In order to enrich our school life, rouse our interest in English and improve our spoken English, the English department will organize an “English Karaoke Contest”.  The contest will be held on the stage of our school from 4 pm to 6 pm on December 28. If you are interested in English songs, please sign up at Esongcontest@126.com before November 25. Remember to prepare your own songs and costume, and you can invite your classmates to dance for you.  All the students are welcome to take part in it.