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中考复习之词汇运用
词汇运用题:考查学生对单词的拼写能力,以及词形变化、测试内容以实词为主,虚词为辅。
做好这类题,一般应遵循下面几个步骤:第一步读懂句意,判断词性;第二步确定词形;第三步核对答案。
名词:单数、复数、所有格、大写;
动词:时态、语态、非谓语动词形式;(一般现在时用三单;已经有动词用非谓语)
形容词:原级、比较级、最高级;(“的”)
副词:原级、比较级、最高级;(“地”)
代词:不定代词、主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词;
数词:基数词、序数词 (first, second, third, fourth, fifth)
冠词:a / an / the (首次提到用a / an;特指用the)
连词:and,but,or,because,so,when,where,before,after,if…
介词:at,by,to,in,for,of,on,from,with…
中考复习之 选词填空
二、选词填空解题注意事项
1.先对备选词汇的词性作简单标记,如名词(n.)、动词(v.)、形容词(adj.)、副词(adv.)等。同时对词义做初步的理解。
2.根据题意或通读全文,猜测空格中所缺的信息,注意固定搭配,根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
3.填词过程中注意词形的变化。既要符合本句的含义,又要保证句式结构的正确。为了方便记忆,试着记住下面的顺口溜:
空前空后要注意;
“名词”单复数要牢记,还有“'s”不能弃;
“动词”注意要变形,“形副”注意三种级;
要填“数词”请留意,千万别忘“基”和“序”;
填入“代词”需慎重,五格变化要谨记。
4.完成填词后,应通读全文,复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确,是否有时态、语态、习惯用法及词语选用上的错误,以确保答案的正确性。最后填答案时,切勿错位。
中考复习之 语法填空
步骤:
1.快速浏览,了解大意。对于简单有把握的空,可以先填出来;
2.上下查看,填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系,填出正确的词以及正确的形式;
3.通读全文,检查确认。特别要注意,根据文章意思,有些空是否要加相应的否定前缀(un,in,dis,等)。
解题思路:
►1.有提示词
分析句子成分 → 定词性 → 定词形 → 检验答案
(1)填动词
缺谓语动词:时态(八大时态)、语态(被动语态)
非谓语动词:to do、doing、done
(2)填名词:单复数、所有格、大写
(3)形容词、副词。
形容词➕名词
副词(修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子) . ,
比较级、最高级
►2.无提示词
无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词(并列连词和从属连词)等。
(1)名词前:用冠词、代词、介词
(2)缺主语:代词、who、that、which
(3)缺宾语:代词
(4)并列两个或多个单词、短语、句子之间设空,一般填入并列连词and、but、or等。
(5)两句之间,如果不是完整句子,缺成分或意思,则很可能是主从句,则需填入从属连词(what,which,who,how,when等)。
(1)反身代词的常见搭配:
enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time | 玩得高兴 |
by oneself =on one’s own | 独自 |
teach oneself=learn …by oneself | 自学 |
help oneself to | 随便吃 |
introduce oneself to | 自我介绍 |
hurt oneself | 伤到自己 |
improve oneself | 提高自己 |
look after oneself = take care of oneself | 照顾自己 |
think to oneself | 内心在想 |
lose oneself in | 沉迷于 |
say to oneself | 自言自语 |
for oneself | 为了某人自己 |
反身代词注意: 单数self 复数selves
(2)双写
2019中考复习短语及搭配
- 感官动词的用法:感官动词+ do/doing (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、watch…)
find sb doing sth (doing强调 正在做)
- a place of interest/placesof interest 名胜古迹
- 比较级形式:1)-er;2)more+形/副原形
例如:1)easier and easier 2)more and more interesting
比较级句型:the+比较级;the+比较级;
- All/different kinds of +(复数) 各种各样的
- agree with sb 赞成某人 disagree with sb 不赞成某人
- As soon as 一...就...
- atthe age of 在……岁时
- at the beginningof … …的起初; at the end of… …的结束
- be /feel confident 感觉自信
- be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够……
- be afraid to do (of) sth 恐惧,害怕…… be afraid of doing
- be allowedto do 被允许做什么
- be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me
- be as…形/副原级…as 和什么一样
- feel embarrassed感到尴尬
- be away from 远离; 从……离开
- be far from 距...远
- be bad for 对什么有害 be bad for your health对身体不好
- be good for 对什么有好处
- be born in 出生在... be born with... 生来具有...+(残疾或者天赋)
- be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……
- be close to…离…很近
- be different from…… 和什么不一样
- be famous/known for 以……著名 be famous/known as 作为...而出名
- be friendly to sb 对某人友好
- be full of =be filled with 充满 one’s eyes are filled with tears 满含泪水
- be pleasedto do = be happy to do 很高兴做某事
- be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
- keep healthy(adj)保持健康 be in good health (n) 身体健康
- be interested in 对某方面感兴趣 = take an interest in
- be like 像…… (unlike不像)
- drive sb crazy/mad 使某人抓狂
- be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料) 补:be made in 在…生产或制造
- be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)
- be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 补:be pleased with 对…感到满意
- be sorry forsb 对…感到遗憾/可惜
- be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
- be supposed to do 应该做... 被要求干什么 (可用来替代should do sth)
- be sure to do sth 一定会做某事 =makesure to do
- (be afraid害怕的, be scared害怕的,be frightened 受惊吓的)
- be the same as … 和什么一样
- be/get used to doing sth 习惯做某事 (to是介词)
- be worth doing 值得做什么
- because+句子 eg : He was late because he had a headache.
because of +短语 He was late because of his headache.
- begin to do = start to do 开始做某事
began to do=started to do
- Tostart with,=To begin with, 首先
- between…and… 两者之间
- borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb 借给谁
- the sameas 和…一样
- by the end of 到……为止 (完成时态)
- chat with sb 和某人闲谈
- come up with 提出 come up with a good idea 想出一个好办法
- communicate with sb= talk with sb = have a conversation with sb 和某人交流
- consider + doing 考虑做什么
- regard/ ..as... 把...当成是...
- decide to do sth 决定做某事 = make a decision to do
- escape from 从……逃跑
- fall off 从哪摔下来
- fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
- find +it+adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
- from…to… 从…到… (语法填空难点)
- get along (well)with sb = get on (well) with sb 与某人相处得好
- get ready for = be ready for 为什么而准备
prepare for 为...作准备
- make sb do sth = let sb do sth= have sb do sth 让某人做某事
- go over 复习;仔细检查 =review
- a good way to do 做某事的一个好方法
- had better (not) do sth 最好(不要)做某事
- have fun +doing 玩得高兴 = have a good/great time doing
- have difficulty/trouble /problem (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦
- have no time to do sth没有时间做某事
- have…(时间)…off 放……假 have a month off 请一个月得假
- help sb with sth 帮助某人某事(某方面) help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
- With one’s help=with the help ofsb without one’s help=without the help of sb
- How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
- 是否=whether eg: I don't know whether I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会
- if =如果 eg: I'll go to Hangzhou if it doesn't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去杭州 (主将从现)
- in one's opinion,= sb think 某人认为
- in some ways 在某些方面 in a+形+way 以一个…的方式
- in the end = finally(adv) = at last=lastly 最后
- in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 (north 北 south 南 west 西 east 东 )
- in the sun 在太阳下 in the moonlight 在月光下
- increase 增加
- instead of doing 代替,而不是做…
- invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invitation 邀请,邀请函
- It takes sb some time to dosth 做某人花掉某人多少时间
- It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样
- Findit +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
- It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意
- join in= take part in参加
- just now 刚才(过去时)
- the answerto the question 问题的答案
- makefun of = laugh at… 取笑……
- learn by oneself= learn sth on one’s own 自学
- learn from 从…学习
- be disappointed in/with 对... 很失望 sth is disappointing 某事令人失望
- look after = take care of 照顾 照看
- make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友
- make sb /sth +adj原形 使某人(某物)怎么样
make sb /sth +adj 比较级
- make upone's mind to do 下定决心做某事
- makea difference to… 对…产生影响
- much too +形容词 too much+ 不可数名词
- need +名词
sb need to do sth 需要某人做某事
- no +名词 No smoking.禁止吸烟 No parking 禁止停车
- nolonger = not anymore 不再……
- not…at all 一点都不
- not only…but also… 不但…而且…
- not…until 直到…才… (完形填空和语法填空难点,not可以用never代替)
I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar
- provide sb with sth给某人提供 provide sth for
- offer sb sth =offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 (区分记一个就好)
- on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上 on one’s way home (home 前省略to)
- =makeon one's way to…
- on the one hand一方面 on the other hand另一方面
- one day =some day =someday 一天,有一天 (将来时态)
- one of +可数名词的复数形式 (如果有adj,一般是最高级)
- pay for… 付……钱 pay-paid-paid
- practice +doing 练习做某事
- regard…as 把……当作……
- remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
- remindsb of sth 使某人想起什么
- return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人
- say to oneself 对自己说 think to oneself 内心在想
- sb spend moneyon sth 花了多少钱在某事上 (人作主语)
- sb spend time with sb 花了多少时间陪谁
- sb spend time(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事
- see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事
- seem to do/be +adj显得怎么样
seem +adj
It seems that...
- take/stay away from 远离……
- stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事 =keep/ prevent sb from doing sth
- such a+名
- suchas+同类别项
- to one's surprise 令某人惊奇
- take walks = take a walk = go for a walk 散步
- tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么
- tell…from… 区别,辨认出
- thank to幸亏,由于
- thank you for +doing thank sb for sth 因某事而感谢某人
- the way to do sth 做某方面的方法
- too…to… 太怎样而不能…… adj +enough to 足够…能… so…that… 如此…以至于…
- turn down 开小、拒绝 ←→ turn up 开大、拒绝
- turn off 关上 ←→ turn on 打开
- wake sb up 把某人叫醒
- what if 如果……怎么办
- What's the matter withsb? = What’s wong with…? …出了问题(事)?
- while +延续性动词 while+doing while+sb+be+doing(强调某时正在干什么)
- why don't you do = why not do
- with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下 with one's help
- you'd better do 最好做某事 = you'd better not do 最好不要做某事
- 不定式 +v(原)
- 系动词(taste吃起来/sound听起来/look看起来/smell闻起来)+adj
- In+时间段(表示将来时态)
- It’s time to do sth.(It’s time for sb. to do sth) 该到(某人)做某事的时间了.
- can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要求做某事.
- can’t/couldn’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事
- ask (tell)sb. (not )to do sth . 请(告诉)某人(不)做某事.
- make/let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事.
- It’s better to do sth最好做某事
- It’s best to do sth最好做某事
- keep doing继续做某事
keep on doing sth. 继续做某事
carry on doing继续做某事
go on doing继续做某事
- feel like doing喜欢做某事
- used to do sth.过去常常做某事.
- be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
- have nothing to do with….. 与…..无关
- There’s something wrong with... something is wrong with... 什么东西有什么问题
- be busy doing sth . 在忙于做某事
- too…..to….. 太……以致于不…
- so ……that ….. 如此….. 以致于不…… (so后面紧接adj)
- such…..that…… 如此….. 以致于不…… (such后面紧接名词)
- It takes some time to do sth .某人做某事用了一些时间. (it作形式主语)
- spend …..on sth.(doing sth.)花钱/时间做某事. (人作主语)
- pay…..for sth.花费(钱)买某物. (人作主语)
- Thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做了某事.
- It is said that….. 据说…It is reported that….. 据报道…