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人教版八年级上册unit 4考点梳理
【必备短语】
各种各样的 all kinds of
擅长于 be good at
大屏幕 big screen
离家近 be close to home
买票快 buy tickets quickly
由某人决定 be up to sb.
应由某人做某事 be up to sb to do sth,.
实现 come true
舒适的椅子 comfortable seats
喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth.
例如 for example
编造 make up
越来越受欢迎 more and more popular
有共同特征 have…in common
寻找 look for
电影院 movie theater
不客气 no problem
根本不 not at all
在…中发挥作用 play a role in…
到目前为止 so far
最好的歌手 the best singer
最有天赋的舞者 the most talented dancer
最滑稽的演员 the funniest actor
最短的等候时间 the shortest waiting time
因…而感谢 thanks for doing sth…
最有天赋的人 the most talented person
设法做某事 try to do sth
认真对待 take…seriously
你认为…怎么样？ What do you think of…=How do you like…
【教材考点归纳】
【1】Now, there are similar shows around the world, such as China’s Got Talent.(P. 29)
around the world意为“世界各地”
相当于all over the world或者throughout the world。
The Great Wall attracts visitors from around the world.
【2】All kinds of people join these shows. (P. 29)
(1) all kinds of表示“各种各样的”
a kind of“一种”
different kinds of“不同种类的”。
Children take part in all kinds of activities in school.
(2) join这里作及物动词，意为“参加”，指加入某个党派、团体或者组织，成为其中一员。
We are playing football. Will you join us?
He wants to join the reading club because he loves reading.
【拓展】
join, join in与take part in的区别
join指加入某个党派、团体或者组织，也可以加入到某人当中去。
join in指参加小规模的活动，如唱歌、游戏等。
take part in指参加某项活动，并在其中发挥积极的作用。
【3】...the funniest actors and so on. (P. 29)
and so on意为“等等”，用在所举例子的后面。
This shop sells trousers, shoes, hats and so on.
【4】Talents shows are getting more and more popular. (P. 29)
“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
It is getting colder and colder.
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
【5】That’s up to you to decide. (P. 29)
be up to sb.意为“由某人来决定”
常用的句型为“It’s up to sb. to do sth.”。
It’s up to me to help you with your English.
Whether we will go to the zoo is up to my father.
【6】However, not everybody enjoys watching these shows. (P. 29)
not与every以及含有every的不定代词连用时，表示部分否定，意为“并不是每个人都……”。
Not everyone is interested in the film.
【7】The DJs choose songs the most carefully. (P. 26)
choose用作及物动词，表示“选择”，后接名词或者不定式作宾语
名词形式为choice。
They are choosing food for the party tonight.
He chose to sing an English song.
【8】All these shows have one thing in common. (P. 29)
have...in common意为“有共性”。
He and his brother has nothing in common.
The twins have much in common.
【9】most creative (P. 28)
creative作形容词，表示“有创造性的”
动词形式为create“创造”。
He is a creative singer.
This idea is very creative.
【10】You can buy clothes the most cheaply there. (P. 26)
cheaply这里是副词，表示“便宜地、低廉地”。
His parents live as cheaply as possible.
【11】And one great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true. (P. 29)
come true意为“实现、成为现实”。（以“物”作主语，如梦想、目标等）
realize意为“实现”时，以“人作主语”
Your dream will come true as long as you study hard.
You will realize Your dream as long as you study hard.
【12】close to home (P. 25)
close此处用作形容词，表示“离……近”
常用的句型为be close to“靠近”，反义词是far。
be far (away) from...离...远
The cinema is close to my home.
【13】For example, some people say they are poor farmers but in fact they are just actors. (P. 29)
for example意为“例如”，用来举例说明。
Students like junk food. For example, they often eat hamburgers for lunch.
[拓展]
for example一般用于列举一个例子，后面经常加上一个句子，位置很灵活，可位于句首、句中，于被列举的事例之间用逗号隔开；
such as一般用于列举同一类人或物中的一个例子，但必须数量少于前面所提及的总数，只能放在所列举的名词前。
I like fruit, for example, I often eat bananas in the evening.
He knows several languages, such as English and Chinese.
【14】And the winner always gets a very good prize. (P. 29)
get a prize意为“获得奖品”
prize用作可数名词，表示“奖品”。
Li Ming got different prizes at the sports meeting.
【15】10 minutes by bus. (P. 27)
10 minutes by bus意为“乘公交车需要10分钟”，表示距离，而不是时间
提问时用how far
类似的表达还有：15 minutes’ walk;two hours by train.
Some think that the lives of the performers are made up. (P. 29)
make up此处意为“编造（故事、谎言）”
另外，make up还可以表示“化妆”。
The story is made up.
She likes making herself up every morning.
【16】No problem. (P. 26)
no problem用来回答别人的感谢，意为“不用谢、别客气”，相当于You’re welcome或者Not at all。
No problem还可以表示“没问题”，表示乐意去做某事。
---Thank you very much.---No problem.
---Could you post the letter for me?---No problem.
【17】...is at one of the small coffee shops near the park. (P. 31)
one of...“……之一”，后接名词或者代词复数
one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为“最……的之一”。
He is one of my friends.
Yi Jianlian is one of the most famous basketball players in China.
【18】I think 970 AM is pretty bad. (P. 27)
pretty此处用作副词，意为“相当、十分”。
Both of them are pretty hard-working.
When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner. (P. 29)
play a role in意为“在……中发挥作用或者扮演什么角色”。
Schools play the most important role in education.
The actress plays the leading the role in the film.
【19】Who was the best performer? (P. 28)
performer用作名词，表示“演员、表演者”
performance意为“演出、表演”
perform是动词，意为“表演”。
He wants to be a famous singer.
This performance is successful.
【20】However, if you don’t take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch. (P. 29)
seriously此处是副词，意为“严肃地、认真地”
take...seriously表示“认真对待……；把……当真”。
I just joked, but he took it seriously.
【21】comfortable seat. (P. 25)
seat作名词，表示“座位”
常用短语为book a seat“预定座位”；take/have a seat“坐下”。
There are enough seats in the meeting room.
Take/have a seat.
【22】How do you like it so far? (P. 26)
so far意为“到目前为止、迄今为止”。
Have you got any information about him so far?
【23】Can I ask you some questions? (P. 26)
some意为“一些”，常用语肯定句中
用于疑问句中，表示提出建议、请求并期待给予肯定回答。
---Can I have some bread?---Of course. Here you are.
【24】It has the worst service. (P. 27)
service作名词，表示“服务”
动词为serve，表示“为……服务”。
The restaurant gives bad service.
Science serves the people.
【25】Thanks for telling me. (P. 26)
thanks for意为“因……而感谢”，后接名词或者动名词，相当于thank you for...。
Thanks a lot for your help.
Thank you for telling me the news.
【拓展】
thanks for表示“因……而感谢”
thanks to表示“幸亏、由于”
【26】It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents. (P. 29)
watch sb. do sth.“观看某人做某事”，强调事情发生的全过程；
watch sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在发生。
I watched him get into the room quickly.
He watched them eating.
【语法归纳】
形容词和副词最高级
变化规则
- I. 规则变化
| 构成法 | 原级 | 最高级 |
| 单音节词+est | short | shortest |
| cold | coldest | |
| 以不发音e结尾的词+st | wide | widest |
| large | largest | |
| 单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+est | big | biggest |
| hot | hottest | |
| 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i+est | heavy | heaviest |
| busy | busiest | |
| 多音节词在前面+most | important | most important |
| beautiful | most beautiful |
- II. 不规则变化
| 原级 | 最高级 |
| good/well | best |
| bad/badly/ill | worst |
| old | oldest/eldest |
| many/much | most |
| little | least |
| far | farthest/furthest |
二、用法
- I. 表示三者及以上人或物进行比较时用最高级，结构为“the + 最高级+in/of + 范围”。
e.g: 1. The picture is the best of all. 这幅画是所有画中最好的。
- She is the most beautiful girl in the class. 她是班上最美的女孩。
- II. 表示在三者及以上之间选择，用“which/who is the+最高级，A, B or C？”。
e.g: Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 汤姆、凯特、比尔，谁最高？
III. 表示“最……之一”用“one of the最高级+可数名词复数”。
e.g: She is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
她是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
- IV. 形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示“第几……”。
e.g: She is the second tallest girl in our class. 她是我班上第二高的女孩。
- V. 比较级和最高级之间的互换。
例如：
He is taller than any other boy in our class.
= He is taller than the other boys in our class.
= He is the tallest boy in our class.
注意比较以下两个句子：
Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.（范围之内）
= Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.（范围之外）
