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初二上册考试重点
一、语法
1、时态的考察,对于各种时态主要看时间标志词,尤其是:just now/just/now; ago/before; five years ago/since five years ago/for five years, 时态的考察以现在完成时为重点,注意非延续性动词在现在完成加时间的情况下需要变为延续性状态的词。have been to /have been in/ have gone to
2、反义疑问句
*祈使句
Let引导的祈使句有两种情况:
- Let's go home, shall we?
2)Let us/me..., will you。
Let me have a try, will you?
3)动词原形开头的
祈使句都用will you 或won’t you
*当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如:
I don't think he will come, will he?
若是非第一人称,则与主句的主语相一致
He thinks that she will come, doesn’t he?
*当陈述部分为从句时,若主句主语为 I ,反意部分的主语为从句主语;若不为 I ,反义部分的主语为主句主语。
①I know your father is a worker, isn't he?
①she knows your father is a worker, doesn’t she?
*当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。
例如: He is never late for school, is he?
*陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用there。
There was a hospital here, wasn't there?
*陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时,反意
疑问句的主语应用代词it。
Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了,是吧?
*陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如:
Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了,是吗?
3、to do 不定式
- 不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。
It is exciting to surf the Internet.
It's ... of sb. to do sth.与It's... for sb. to do sth.
形容词形容人的时候用of,形容事情的时候用for
It's very kind / nice of you to help me。
It's hard for the Chinese students to learn Russian. 中国学生学俄语是很难的。
2.动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,要先用it作形式宾语,而将该不定式后置。
注意:一些动词之后可以接to和doing作宾语时,如stop,forget,remember, try,need等
I don't think it right to do it in that way.
我觉得以那种方式去做是不恰当的。
I find it hard to get along with him.
我发现与他相处不是件容易的事。
4.作补语
有些动词后跟不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。
① 感官动词② 使役动词③ help sb. do…或help sb. to do当此类句子改为被动语态时,要补上to.
He is often heard to sing this song.
The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
动词不定式的省略
1)不定式在使役动词 let, have, make和感官动词 see, watch, notice , observe, hear, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补时,省略to。help 可带to,也可不带to →help sb (to) do sth。
2) Why not 后面接不带to 的不定式。常用来表建议。
Why not have a break?
3)but和except:but/except前的部分出现实义动词do时,其后面出现的动词不定式可以不带to。比较:
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
Last night I did nothing but (to )watch TV.
He does everything except (to) work.
4) 由and, or或than连接的两个不定式,第二个不定式的to 可以省去。例如:
He wants to move to France and marry the girl.
5)通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后,可以省去to be:
He is supposed (to be) an honest man.
4、情态动词
must是重点
1)表示义务。意为“必须”(主观意志)。否定形式是needn’t,
2)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。否定形式是can’t
3)mustn’t本身表示“禁止”,“不允许”,“不能”
二、重点词汇、句型
1、※What/how about doing …?
※Why not/why don’t you do…..?
※It is +adj.+for sb to do sth?此句型到第九模块会重点讲解
2、※other 系列词
another | adj./pron泛指多个(三个以及三个以上)中的另一个 |
other | adj./pron,其他的,别的 |
one…the other | 一个……另一个……(总共有两者) |
one…another | 一个……另一个……(总数三者以上者) |
other+n.=others | 其余的一些 |
The other+n.=the others | 其余的全部 |
3、※
a little | 修饰动词、形容词和副词,有点 |
修饰不可数名词,一点,一些 | |
a bit | 修饰动词、形容词和副词,有点,=a little |
加介词of后可修饰不可数名词 | |
a few | 修饰可数名词复数形式 |
4、※ no one 和none
no one(=nobody) | 不加of | who提问 | 没有人 | 单三动词 |
none | 可加of | how many提问 | 没有人没有物 | 单、复数动词 |
5、bring, take, carry 和get的用法。
bring意思为“拿来”、“带来”。指将某物或某人从别处“带来”。
Bring me the book, please.
take意思是“拿走”,“带走”,把某物或某人从这里“带来”或“拿到”某处之意。
It looks like rain. Take a raincoat with you.
carry 是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思,指随身携带,有背着、扛着、抱着、提着的含义,不表明来去的方向。Do you always carry a handbag?
Get 是去某处将某物拿回来。
Please go to my office to get some chalk.
6、through/across/over
through 穿越,指从空间内穿越 through the door
across,横越穿过,从表面走过,或从一边到另一边,across the road
over翻越,跨越
7、provide /offer
provide sth for sb / provide sb with sth
offer sth to sb / offer sb sth(主动提供)
8、happen / take place
happen指事件偶然发生,还可以表示“碰巧”之意,不用于被动语态
sth happen to sb
sb happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事
It happens that+句子
take place多指按计划或者安排而发生,不用于被动语态
9、compare…with…比较compare…to…. 把。。。。比作
10、depend on sb 依赖depend on sth 依…而定