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中考英语常用词形词义辨析
- abroad到国外go abroad
board板on board
- across介词，表面穿过walk across the road
cross动词 cross the road
through介词，空间穿过 go through the window
past介词，经过 walk past the post office
pass 动词 pass the test
- alive 活着的I am still alive.
live现场直播 is covered live
居住 live in the city
lively活泼的 make his class lively and interesting
living : make a living/ a living room
- lonely孤独feel lonely
孤零零 a lonely house
alone独自 live alone
along沿着 walk along the street
- asleep 睡着的fall asleep
sleepy困倦的feel sleepy
- fall 落下，倒fall down
fell ：fall的过去式 (fall—fell---fallen)
feel 觉得 feel sleepy/tired---过去式felt
- badly---worse Jim acted badly, but Tom did worse.
well—better He plays football well and his father does better.
- boring, interesting, exciting, tiring…修饰物an interesting story
bored, interested, excited, tired…修饰人 feel bored
- borrow 借进（以句子主语为参照物）May I borrow your pen?
lend 借出（以句子主语为参照物）Could you lend me some money?
keep 借一段时间 How long can I keep the magazine?
- both两者都Both of his parents are workers.
all 三者以上都 All of my classmates are from China.
neither 两者都不 Neither of my hands is clean.
none没有一个（三者及以上）None of the four apples is/are red.
nothing什么都没有 There’s nothing in the fridge.
- care：take care of
careful 形，仔细的be careful with fire
carefully 副，仔细地 listen carefully
careless 形，粗心的 a careless student
carelessly 副，粗心地drive carelessly
carelessness名，粗心 Your carelessness led to the mistake.
- take 带走（以说话者为中心）remember to take a raincoat
bring 带来（以说话者为中心）bring your book here
carry 拿，无方向 Could you help me carry the books?
- close 动词，关闭close the door
形，亲密的 my closest friend
closed 形，关着的 keep the door closed
- closely 副，密切地work closely with us
- brave 形，勇敢的He is brave enough to save the old man.
courage 名，勇气have the courage to tell him the bad news
bravely 副，勇敢地 face the difficulties bravely
- dead 形，死的have been dead
die 动，死亡 die of hunger
death 名，死亡 the death of his pet makes him so sad.
- especially副，尤其He is good at all subjects, especially maths.
specially 副，专门 The pen is specially designed for the boy.
special形，特殊的 a special day
- except 除了All the students except Tom will go for a school trip.
expect 期待You are expected to bring it back when you return.
- excited形，激动的，修饰人feel excited
exciting形，激动人心的，修饰物 an exciting film
excitedly 副，修饰人 shouted excitedly
excitement名shout with excitement
- a little一些，修饰不可数名词a little money
a few一些，修饰可数名词 a few trees
little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词 There’s little water in the glass, is it?
few几乎没有，修饰可数名词 so few students
- form 形成form a good reading habit
from 从……
- France 法国/ French 法语
German 德国的/ Germany 德国
- hard 努力work hard
hardly 几乎不 The boy hardly does his homework.
- healthy 健康的keep healthy
health 健康 it’s good for your health
healthily 健康地 eat healthily
- if 如果主将从现 If he comes, I’ll call you.
是否 I don’t know if he will come here.
whether 是否 （如与or连用，则用）I wonder whether he’ll come or not.
weather 天气 What will the weather be like tomorrow?
- include 动词包括The list includes the names of many famous writers.
including 介词They have many pets, including three cats.
- invent 动词发明 Edison invented a lot of things.
invention 名词 发明 The invention made much difference to humans.
inventor 名词 发明者 Edison was a great inventor.
- last 上一个的last year; 最后的 make her last apperance
动词，持续 The meeting will last one and a half hours.
lasting 形，持久的 a lasting value
- lie 名词，谎言 tell a lie
动词，说谎 He is always lying to us.
动词，位于Japan lies to the east of China.
动词，躺，平放 He likes lying on the grass.
躺，平放；位于：lie—lay---lain
说谎：lie-lied-lied
- luck 名，运气 good luck
lucky 形，幸运的a lucky number
luckily 副，幸运的是 Luckily, we got better marks.
unlucky/unluckily
- noise名，噪音 Don’t make any noise.
noisy 形，吵闹的 much too noisy
noisily 副，吵闹地 talk noisily
- noise 噪音
sound 声音We sat listening to the sound of the waves
听起来 The music sounds beautiful.
voice 嗓音 The singer has a sweet voice.
- provide 提供 provide a chance for the boy=provide the boy with a chance
offer :offer a chance to the boy=offer the boy a chance
- other别的 ，加名词 other students
another另一个 I don’t like the pair of shoes, would you like to show me another pair?
the other 两个中的另一个,常用one…the other Here is a shoe, where’s the other one?
others= other+名词
- over/ under 年龄的上下
above/ below温度，楼层的上下
- peace名词，和平 love peace
peaceful形，宁静的 a peaceful village
peacefully 副，和平地 we hope to solve the problem peacefully.
- pleasure名，乐意。对方请求帮助—With pleasure. 帮助后对方感谢—My pleasure./ It’s my pleasure.
pleasant 形， 修饰物 a pleasant trip
pleased形，修饰人 I am pleased with the robot.
- pollute动，污染 The water will be polluted if you do that.
polluted形，被污染的 Our planet is becoming more and more polluted and crowded.
pollution 名，污染 noise pollution
- quiet 安静的 keep quiet
quite相当 quite quiet
- receive收到
accept 接受 I received a valuable gift but I didn’t accept it because of its value.
- realize 实现，主语为人 I am sure you will realize your dream.
come true 实现， 主语为物 I hope your dream will come true.
- raise 升起，及物动词，后面必须跟宾语 raise your hand/ raise the national flag( raise—raised—raised)
rise不及物动词，后面不可以跟宾语 the sun rises, the price rises, the water level rises( rise—rose---risen)
- sad 形，悲伤的 too sad to say a word
sadness名 ，悲伤 share your joy and sadness
sadly副，遗憾的是 Sadly, few people were saved.
- safe 形，安全的 a safe place
safety名，安全 Safety comes first.
safely副，安全地 The plane landed safely.
save 动，挽救 save money, save his life
- satisfied 形，满意的 I am not satisfied with the machine at all.
satisfy 动，满足 satisfy your need
- search 搜索（范围）
search for （目标）The police are searching the city for the murderer.
- serve 动,服务 serve the old couple politely
service 名 I will never forget its good service./ be in service
- smile名，微笑 wear a big smile on her face
动 smile at me kindly
smiling 形，微笑的 Her smiling eyes make her loved by all the people.
- succeed动，成功 At last, he succeeded in winning the first prize.
success名，成功 It turned out that her speech was a big success.
successful形，成功的 I’m sure that you’ll be successful.
successfully副，成功地At last, he won the first prize successfully.
- take 花费（时间）,主语是物 How long does it take you to fly to Chengdu?
spend 花费时间或金钱，主语为人He spent 10,000 yuan on the bike.
I spend an hour reading every day.
cost 花费金钱，主语为物 The flat cost me 1,000,000 yuan.
pay 花费金钱，主语为人They pay 100 yuan for the shoes.
- though虽然I take my medicine, though I do not like it.
thought想的过去式 I've thought about it for some time.
想法 Her thought isn’t the same as mine.
through （从空间）通过the light shines through the sharp teeth
- wide 形，宽的 The river is 300 metres wide.
副，充分地 open his eyes wide
widely 副，广泛地 English is widely used all over the world.
- hope 希望hope to do;实现的可能性大;不可用hope sb. to do, 可改用hope 从句结构 I hope to go to college.
My father hopes that I can go to college.
wish 希望，可用wish sb. to do;实现的可能性不大，所以从句用虚拟语气I wish I could get rid of the habit of smoking.
- worry 名， 担忧 share your worries with me
动，担忧 Don’t worry about your exams.
worried形，担心的 I am so worried about his health that I can’t sleep well.
- have sb. do sth.让某人做某事，类似于make sb. do:Will you like to have him call you back ?
have sth done 请人做 Her father had the book punished.
have sth to do 有……要做 I have too much homework to do today.
have done sth 做了某事 I have finished all my homework now.
