与朱元思书练习题及答案

2023年4月17日21:32:19八年级上册文言文171阅读模式

知识梳理

1. 重点词语解释

(1)从流飘荡,任意东西                                                     

(2)水皆缥碧                                                               

(3)急湍甚箭                                                               

(4)猛浪若奔                                                               

(5)负势竞上                                                               

(6)互相轩邈                                                               

(7)泉水激石,泠泠作响                                                     

(8)嘤嘤成韵                                                               

(9)蝉则千转不穷                                                           

(10)猿则百叫无绝                                                          

(11)鸢飞戾天者                                                            

(12)望峰息心                                                              

(13)经纶世务者                                                           

(14)窥谷忘反                                                             

(15)横柯上蔽                                                             

(16)在昼犹昏                                                             

2. 通假字

(1)蝉则千转不穷            ,同                           

(2)窥谷忘反            ,同                            

3. 古今异义

(1)自富阳至桐庐一百许里  古义:            ;今义:或许,应允,赞许等

(2)猛浪若奔  古义:             ;今义:奔跑,飞奔

(3)经纶世务者  古义:             ;今义:整理过的蚕丝,比喻治理国家的才能

(4)鸢飞戾天者  古义:            ;今义:罪过,乖张

 

 

4. 一词多义

天下独绝__________                                       

(1)绝

猿则百叫无绝__________                                   

负势竞上__________                                       

(2)上

横柯上蔽__________                                      

一百许里__________                                      

(3)百

猿则百叫无绝__________                                  

5. 词类活用

(1)风烟俱净            作动词,                      

(2)任意东西            作状语,                    

(3)猛浪若奔            作名词,                    

(4)负势竞上            作动词,                    

(5)互相轩邈            作动词,                    

(6)望峰息心            使动用法,                  

(7)横柯上蔽            作状语,                    

6. 文言句式

请指出下面的特殊句式并翻译。

(1)从流飘荡,任意东西。            ,省略主语“我”

译:                                                       

(2)急湍甚箭。            ,应为“急湍甚(于)箭。”

译:                                                       

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