小石潭记练习题及答案

2023年4月17日21:36:16八年级上册文言文156阅读模式

小石潭记

知识梳理

1. 重点词语解释

(1)从小丘西行百二十步                                           

(2)隔篁竹                                                       

(3)如鸣珮环                                                     

(4)心乐之                                                       

(5)水尤清冽                                                     

(6)全石以为底                                                   

(7)卷石底以出                                                   

(8)为坻,为屿,为嵁                                             

(9)蒙络摇缀                                                     

(10)潭中鱼可百许头                                              

(11)皆若空游无所依                                              

(12)佁然不动                                                    

(13)俶尔远逝                                                    

(14)往来翕忽                                                    

(15)似与游者相乐                                                

(16)斗折蛇行                                                    

(17)其岸势犬牙差互                                              

(18)凄神寒骨                                                    

(19)悄怆幽邃                                                    

(20)以其境过清                                                  

(21)不可久居                                                    

(22)崔氏二小生                                                  

2. 古今异义

(1)乃记之而去  古义:           ;今义:前往

(2)崔氏二小生  古义:           ;今义:戏曲艺术中的一种角色

 

3. 一词多义

水尤清冽__________                    

(1)清

以其境过清__________                  

明灭可见__________                    

(2)可

潭中鱼可百许头__________              

参差披拂__________                    

(3)差

其岸势犬牙差互__________              

全石以为底__________                  

(4)以    近岸,卷石底以出__________            

以其境过清__________                  

潭西南而望__________                  

(5)而    乃记之而去__________                  

隶而从者__________                    

4. 词类活用

(1)从小丘西行百二十步           作状语,        

(2)心乐之            意动用法,             

(3)皆若空游无所依            作状语,          

(4)斗折蛇行            作状语,          

(5)其岸势犬牙差互            作状语,          

(6)凄神寒骨            使动用法,          

(7)似与游者相乐            作动词,          

(8)日光下澈            作状语,            

(9)下见小潭            作状语,              

5. 文言句式

请指出下面的特殊句式并翻译。

(1)全石以为底。             

译:                                                

(2)乃记之而去。            ,即“(我)乃记之而去。”

译:                                                 

 

综合探究

1. 重要的作家作品和文学常识

         (人名)(773—819),字         ,河东人,人称“柳河东”,         代文学家,“            ”之一。晚年被贬柳州,亦称“柳柳州”。本文是作者被贬为永州司马时写下的具有连续性的山水游记“永州八记”中的第四篇。

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