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宾语从句
- 宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
结构：
主语+谓语+宾语（陈述句语序） 【注意：1~引导词.that 2~语序v.+主+谓 由if、whether引导宾语从句 3~时态：A.主句---现在时 从句---任一时态】
- 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语
和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether
①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided.
②在介词前：It depends on（依靠） whether it is going to rain.
③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.
语法点：由if或whether引导的宾语从句
词汇：if, whether, ask, wonder, know, …
句型：…asks/asked/wonders/wondered/wants to know/wanted to know if/whether…
前后桌同学之间开展采访活动，然后同桌交流采访结果。如：
—Who did you interview?
—I interviewed Bill.
—What did you ask him?
—I asked him if he always obeyed the school rules.
—…
（二）宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
（三）宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
如： I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进 行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
不省略引导词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时；
当宾语从句较长时；
当主语状语置于主句尾，宾语从句之前时；
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时；
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略，第二个that不可以省略；
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时；
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时；
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时；
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时；
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时；
在直接引语中，转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
当that在从句中充当主语时
- 典型例题【中考链接】
- Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ________?
- where you buy it B. where do you buy it
- where you bought it D. where did you buy it
2.—Excuse me .Could you tell me_____ I can get to the Space Museum?
--Of course. You can take bus No.1.
- where B. how C. if D. why
3.—Do you know ________the new mobile phone last week?
--Maybe 900 yuan. I’m not quite sure.
- how much she paid for B. how much will she pay for C. how much did she pay for
- Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life.And that’s ____ he succeeds .
- what B. when C. why D. where
- Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. It’s about ______.
- how did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terror（恐怖统治）
- what did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terror
- how Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terror
- what Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terror
- —Do you know ________the girl in red is?
—I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.
- when B. how C. where D. what
7.—What did your parents thank about your decision?
--They always let me do _______I think I should.
- when B. that C. how D. what
- I want to know ________.
- when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airport
- when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at
- --Would you please tell me __________?
--At 10:00 this evening.
- when will the train leave B. when the train will leave C. when does the train leave
10.—Could you tell me________?
--Fill in this form and I will give you a card.
- how I can meet Cathy B. where I can meet Cathy C. when I can meet Cathy
- –Do you know ________ the man with sunglasses is?
-I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter.
- who B. what C. where D. how
- -Tommy, do you know if Frank ________ to the zoo this Sunday if it ________?
-Sorry, I have no idea.
- will go; is fine B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine
- No one can be sure_________ in a million years.
- what man looks like B. what will man look like
- what man looked like D. what man will look like
- Sue told me that she _________ shopping with her sister the next day.
- will go B. would go C. goes D. has gone
- The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _________.
- how much it cost B. how much did it cost C. how much it costs D. how much does it cost
- -When do you think _________?
-About half past five. I will pick him up at the airport.
- he will come B. will he come C. did he come D. he came
- Our teacher told us the sun ________ in the east.
- rise B. rose C. rising D. rises
- --Listen! It is still noisy in the head teacher’s office.
-Go and see ________ they have finished correcting the papers yet.
A. though B. whether C. unless D. while - -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?
-Sorry. I don’t know ________.
- when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad
- how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad
- –Do you know ________ the man with sunglasses is?
-I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter.
- who B. what C. where D. how
