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Unit 9 Can you come to mu party?
- 单词及短语
- prepare 动词 意为使…做好准备,把…准备好;常用短语
- prepare for…… 为…做准备;其名词形式是preparation 意为准备,准备工作
Eg:I can’t go to your party ,because I must prepare for the math exam.
The farmers are preparing the ground for planting。
农民们正在为种植准备耕地。
- prepare sb for/to do sth 使某人对……做好准备
eg:The teachers are preparing the students for the final examination.
老师们正让学生们准备期末考试.
He took out a picec of paper and prepared to write to his friend.
他拿出一张纸,准备给他的朋友写信。
- prepare sb sth 为某人准备……
eg:the host prepared us a delicious meal.
主人为我们准备了美味的晚餐.
2、exam examination 名词 意为考试
常见的短语:
entrance exam 入学考试 pass the exam 通过考试
fail the exam 考试及格 have /take an exam 参加考试
3、have the flu 患感冒 have a cold 感冒了 have a fever 发高烧 have a headache 头痛
注意:其中的have不是有的意思,通常意为患有……
4、available 形容词 意为有空的;可获得的 ,和free的意义相同
be available===be free
Eg:I am available (free)in this afternoon. 下午有空。
----Can you come to my party this evening?
----sorry, I’m not available(free) .Maybe another time.
5、until
until“直到”,表示某一种行为一直持续到某一时间。用在肯定句中,句子的谓语动词必须是可延续性的。
not...until“直到...才”表示直到某一时间,某一行为才发生,之前该行为并没有发生. 用在否定句中,主句中的谓语可以是延续性的也可以是短暂性动词。
eg: I studied Englis until 9 o'clock last night. 我咋晚学英语一直学到9点钟.(表示9点前一直在学)
I did not study Englis until 9 o'clock last night. 我咋晚直到9点钟才学英语.(表示9点才开始学)
I waited for five hours until it was dark. I had to give it up.我等了五个小时直到天黑了,不得不放弃。
I didn't go to sleep until 11 o'clock 我知道九点钟才睡觉。
He lived with his parents until he get married。他和父母住知道他结婚为止。
6、hang 动词 意为悬挂,垂下 过去式是hung
常见短语: hang out 外出闲逛。泡在某处 hang on 紧紧抓住
Hang on 挂在…上 hang up 挂断电话;悬挂,挂起
Eg:He likes reading and he often hangs out the bookshop.他喜欢阅读,并且他尝尝去书店。
Hang the picture on the wall. 把这幅画挂在墙上。
7、catch 动词 意为追上,赶上;其三单形式为catches 过去式为caught
常用短语为 catch up with 追赶上… likes
Eg:The cat likes catching the mice.猫喜欢抓老鼠。
You have to work hard to catch up with the top students in your class.
要赶上班上的优秀学生,你的更加努力才行。
9、I’m afraid…… 意为恐怕……,表示推测令人不愉快的事情。
表示否定时为I’m afraid not 恐怕不能 表示肯定是为I’m afraid so 恐怕如此
Eg:----Look at the clouds,It looks like rain.看那些云,看起来像是要下雨了。
---- I’m afraid so. 恐怕是这样的。
----Can you go to the concert?你能去音乐会吗?
---- I’m sorry, I’m afraid not. 抱歉,恐怕去不了。
10、invite 动词 意为邀请 名词形式是invitation 意为 邀请函,邀请
常见的短语有:invite sb to+地点 邀请某人去某地
Invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
Eg:My best friend invite me to her hometown. 我的好朋友邀请我去她的家乡。
Yesterday Anna invite me to watch the film. 昨天安娜邀请我去看电影。
11、
①问日期 | 回答是具体的日期 | ---What’s the date today? ---It’s September 10th. |
②问星期几 | 回答是具体的星期几 | --- What day is it today?--- It’s Sunday. |
③问几号或星期几 | 回答是几号,周几或节日 | --- What’s today?--- It’s Teacher’s Day. |
④问时间 | 回到是具体的时间点 | --- What’s time now?--- It’s nine. |
12、look after ===take care of 照顾,照看
Eg:He is old enough to look after himself.他已经足够大来照顾自己了。
You should look after the dog well. 你应该好好照顾这只小狗。
== You should take good care of the dog. 你应该好好照顾这只小狗。
13、help sb (to ) do sth 帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人
help oneself to sth 随便吃……
eg:Can you help me (to) prepare for the party? 你能帮我为聚会做准备吗?
I helped my sister (to ) clean the room yesterday. 我昨天帮助我的姐姐打扫房间。
Anna often helps her mother with housework. 安娜经常帮助她妈妈做家务。
Miss Lee often helps me with my English. 李老师经常在英语方面帮助我。
Help to yourself some fruit. 你随便吃些水果吧!!
14、sad 形容词 意为悲伤地,伤心的
This story made me very sad . 这个故事让我很伤心。
It’s sad to hear this bad news. 听到这个坏消息,我很伤心。
注意:It’s +形容词+(for sb)to do sth 对于谁来说做…是…的
15、see (看见)hear(听见) watch(看见)+sb +do sth 看见过/听见过某人做…… 后接动词原形
see (看见)hear(听见) watch(看见)+sb +doing sth看见/听见某人正在做…… 后接动名词
eg: I often see the boy play basketball in the park. 我经常看见那个男孩在公园里打篮球。
They can always hear her sing in the next room。 他们经常能听到她在隔壁房间唱歌。
Lilei watched the chief take the old man’s phone. 李磊看见这个小偷偷了那个那人的手机。
When I look out the window, I see a bird standing om the tree..当我向窗外看的时候,看到一只鸟站在树上。
I heard my parents and my English talking in the garden. 我听到我的父母和我的英语老师在花园里谈话。
16、短语辨析:
at the end of 在……的末尾,在……尽头
by the end of 到……末为止
in the end 最后,终于==at last
eg:You can see a bookshop at the end of the road. 在路的尽头你会看到一家书店。
At the end of this month, we’ll have an exam. 这个月末,我们将会举行考试。
He found his book in the end.(at last) 最后他找到了他的书。
17、without 介词 意为没有,不(做某事),后接动名词,代词宾格或名词
Eg:He goes out without hat. 他没戴帽子就出去了。
My father left the room without a word. 我爸爸一句话都没说就离开了房间。
18、look forward to 期待,盼望 其中to为介词,其后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语
look forward to doing 期待做某事
Eg:I’m looking forward to visiting HongKong. 我正期待着游览香港。
Lucy looks forward to hearing from her best friend. 露西盼望着她好朋友的来信。
19、hear from sb 意为收到某人的来信===receive a letter from sb
Eg:I heard from my mother last week。我上周收了我妈妈的来信。
20、the best way to do sth 做某事最好的方式是……
Eg:The best way to remember words is reading them over and over again。
记单词最好的方式是反复的读他们。
- 语法及主要句型
- 情态动词can 表邀请
情态动词can除了表示能力、许可或猜测之外,还可以用于表示邀请。
1)、发出邀请是,用一般疑问句句式,结构为:
Can +主语+动词原形+其他?
Eg:Can you come to my irthday party next Sunday??
Can you go fishing with me in the afternoon?
2)、对于邀请的回答
肯定:①Sure,I’d love to.当然,我很乐意。
②Yes,I’d love to. 好的,我很乐意。
③Sure,I think he/she/they will. 当然,我想他/她/他们会的。
否定:sorry, ’m not available. 对不起,我没空。
I’m sorry , I’m not free this weekend.I have to look after my little sister.
很抱歉,我这个周末没空,我不得不照顾我的小妹妹。
I’d love to,but I’m afraid I can’t , I have to study for a test.
我很乐意,但是恐怕不行。我不得不为考试学习。
拓展:提出邀请、请求、建议或征求别人的意见,常见的表达方式有:
- Would you like sth或Would you like to do sth 你想要……/你愿意……
Would you like some coffee? 你想要一些咖啡吗?
Would you like to go shopping with us ? 你愿意和我们一起是逛街吗?
②Will/would/could you please do sth 请你……好吗?
Will/would/could you please help me clean the classroom? 请你帮我打扫教室好吗?
③Shall we do sth 我们做……好吗?
Shall we have a picnic together? 我们一起野餐,好吗?
- Let’s do sth 让我们做……吧
Let’s go to the mountains and camp here。 让我们去山上并且在那里露营吧。
- Why not do sth/ why don’t you do sth为什么不……
why don’t you go with me ?你为什么不和我一起?
Why not listen to the radio?为什么不听收音机呢?
- How /what about doing sth ……怎么样?
How /what about taking bus to there?坐公车去那里怎么样?
感叹句
定义:感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。"what"和"how"与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序。
一、 由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是:
what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语.
如: ① What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀!
② What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀!
③ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀!
④ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀!
⑤ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀!
⑥ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀!
二、由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:
How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语.
如:① How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀!
② How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀!
③ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀!
④ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀!
⑤ How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀!
一、由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种:
- 可用句型:“ What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如:
What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊!
What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊!
- 可用句型:“ What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!”。如:
What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊!
What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊!
- 可用句型:“ What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!”。如:
What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊!
What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊!
二、由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种:
- 可用句型:“ How +形容词/ 副词+主语+谓语!”。如:
How careful she is! 她多么细心啊!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊!
- 可用句型:“ How +形容词+a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如:
How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊!
- 可用句型:“ How +主语+谓语!”。如:
How time flies! 光阴似箭!
由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如:
How beautiful a girl she is! = What a beautiful girl she is!
What delicious cakes these are! = How delicious these cakes are!
三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。
如: Good idea! (好主意!) wonderful! (太精彩了!) Thank goodness! (谢天谢地!)
感叹句专项练习
一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。
1).________ difficult homework we had yesterday!
2).________cute dog it is!
3).________ interesting the story is!
4).________ bad the weather in England is!
5).________ honest boy Tom is !
6).________ tasty smell the cake gave off!
7).________ good time we had on the beach yesterday!
8).________ exciting news you've brought us!
9).________cool your new car is!
10).________ scary these tigers are!
二、选择填空。
- _______ fast the boy ran!
- How B. How an C. What D. What an
- _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances!
- How, how B. What, what
- How, what D. What, how
- ________ delicious the soup is! I’d like some more.
- How B. How an C. What D. What an
- _______ fools they were! They believed what the man said.
- How B. How an C. What D. What an
- _______ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.
- How B. How an C. What D. What an
- _______ difficult questions they are! I can’t answer them.
- How B. How an C. What D. What an
- I miss my friend very much. _______ I want to see her!
- How B. How an C. What D. What an
- _______ lovely weather we are having these days!
- How B. How an C. What D. What an
- _______ beautiful your new dress is!
- How B. How an C. What D. What an
- _______ interesting work it is to teach children!
- How B. How an C. What D. What an
三、所给句子填空,使填空句变为相应的感叹句:
- The boy swam very fast.(同义句)_______ _______ the boy swam!
- The school trip is very exciting. (同义句)_____ ______ the school trip is!
- Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter. (同义句)
_______ _______ Hei Longjiang looks in winter!
- It is a very useful dictionary. (同义句)
_______ _______ _______ dictionary it is!
_______ _______ _______ dictionary is!
- The students are listening very carefully.
________ ________ the students are listening!
答案:一、What,What a, How, How,What an,
What, What a, What, How, How
二、BAACA CACAC
三、1. How fast
- How exciting
- How beautiful
- What a useful, How useful the
- How carefully
What a funny time to eat breakfast! 吃早饭多么有趣啊!
感叹句巧解:感叹句要看后面,即看形容词后的东东,
1) 若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数,就用what a/an;是不可数名词或可数名词复数,只用what。
2)若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Tom’s等等乱七八糟的东西,想都不用想,直接用how就OK了。如:
例句1:What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊!
/ \
形容词 单数名词
例句2:What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊!
/ \
形容词 复数名词
例句3:What cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊!
/ \
形容词 不可数名词
例句4:How good the boy is! 这男孩多好啊!
/ \
形容词 乱糟糟
★★★ 若没有形容词,而出现副词或是句子,直接用how.
例:How well he plays the guitar! 他吉他弹得多好啊!
/
副词 (what不可以修饰副词,看到副词直接用how)
How time flies!
How fast Liu Xiang runs