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| 八年级上册期中复习Unit1-5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
知识点 一 重点短语 go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few+可数名词复数 相当多 study for为……而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然 feel like给……的感觉；感受到 go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of+短语 because +句子 因为 one bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天 find out找出；查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来…… look +adj. 看起来…… nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？ so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 二 必背句型 1、Where did you go on vacation? 你假期去哪了？ I went to New York City.我去了纽约。 2、 Did you go out with anyone? 你和别人一起出去玩了吗？ No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.没有，其他人都不在。每个人都去度假了。 3、Did you buy anything special? 你买了特别的东西了吗？ Yes, I bought something for my father.是的，我给我的父亲买了一些东西。 4、How was the food? 食物怎么样？ Everything tasted really good.每一个都尝起来很好吃。 5、Did everyone have a good time? 每个人都过得很开心的吗？ Oh，yes. Everything was excellent.是的。所有的一切都非常的美好。 三 不定代词 不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another,
some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等，以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。 在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词 none 以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语，而 no 和 every 则只用作定语。 1、复合不定代词：由some，any，no，every加上-body,-one,-thing构成的不定代词，叫做复合不定代词。 somebody = someone某人 something 某物，某事 anybody = anyone任何人 anything什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物 nobody = no one没有人，不重要的人 nothing没有东西，什么也没有;不重要的人或事 everybody = everyone每人,人人,所有人 everything每一个事物，一切 词组：for nothing(徒劳，没有好结果，免费)，nothing but(仅仅，只不过)， It’s nothing. (不用谢，不必在意) anybody else(别人) （1）复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句子中作主语、宾语和表语，而不能作定语。 Everything is made of elements.任何东西都是元素构成的。（作主语） I have nothing to say toady.我今天没什么可讲的。（作宾语） That`s nothing.没什么。（作表语） （2）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 （3）代替与-thing构成的复合不定代词，用it；代替与-body, -one构成的复合不定代词，一般用they，在正式文体中可用he。 如：Everyone knows what they have to do, don’t they ？ Everyone knows what he has to do, doesn’t he ? 每个人都知道他必须做什么，不是吗？ （4）【辨析】 something和anything的区别与some和any的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。（肯定句） Someone is asking to see you.有人要见你。 （肯定句） Has anything happened ？出什么事了吗？ （疑问句） We can`t decide anything now.我们现在不能作什么决定。 （否定句） If you want anything, call me.你要是需要什么可以给我打电话。（条件状语从句） （5）复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，形容词或不定式等其他定语则须放在它们的后面。 There is nothing wrong with the machine.这机器没出什么毛病。（形容词） This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。（形容词） Is there anything important in today``s newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗？（形容词） Do you want anything to drink ?你想喝点什么吗？ If there is anything I can do for you , please tell me.如果有什么我能帮你的，请告诉我。 （5）除与-thing构成的复合不定代词外，即everyone、everybody、someone，somebody都有所有格形式；当其后有else时，’s要加在else后面。 如： That must be somebody else’s coat; it isn’t mine. 那一定是别人的外衣，不是我的。 （6）everyone=everybody, anyone=anybody, 只指人，不能与of短语连用； every one, any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如：Is anybody here? 有人吗？ You can take any one of these. 你可以随便拿一个。 （7）与some-，any-构成的复合不定代词的用法与some, any的用法相同。与any-构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中，not…any-构成完全否定，但没有any-…not的说法；与some-构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句、预料作肯定回答的疑问句、建议或请求的疑问句中 【巧记复合代词分合】：分合皆能单独用，后加of合不成。 【巧学不定代词】：不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。 ①buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 ②taste + adj. 尝起来…look+adj. 看起来…smell 闻起来 sound 听起来 feel 感觉起来 taste delicious…look beautiful…smell terrible … sound wonderful… feel comfortable /tired / bored/ ③nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有 四 动词的特殊应用 try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth. 反复做某事有小停歇 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做某事 want sb. (not) to do sth. 想要某人（不要）做某事 五 Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？=Why don’t you do sth？ 六 形容词的使用 so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于…… it is + adj. + for sb. +to do sth对某人来说做…怎么样 七 anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是在任何地方 anywhere 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can’t find it anywhere. somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here. 八 seem + 形容词 看起来….. You seem happy today. seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… No one seemed to be bored. seem to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold It seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像…；似乎…. It seems that no one believe you. seem like ….好像，似乎….. It seems like a god idea. 九 start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换 。 He started doing his homework. 但以下几种情况不能用begin . 1)创办，开办： He started a new bookshop last month. 2)机器开动： I can’t start my car. 3)出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning. 十 over 介词，多于，超过，在…以上（表示数目、程度）= more than My father is over 40 years old. 在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard. 超过： I hear the news over the radio. 遍及： I want to travel all over the world. 十一 too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Don’t talk too much. Much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。 The hat is much too big for me. You’re walking much too fast. 分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。 too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。 十二 because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。 He can’t take a walk because of the rain. because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。 I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive. Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 知识点 一 重点短语 help with housework帮助做家务 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 hardly ever几乎从不 be free有空 in one’s free time在某人的业余时间 go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 not…at all一点儿也不…… have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对……有好处 go camping去野营 the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如 go to the dentist去看牙医 old habits die hard积习难改 more than多于；超过 less than少于 How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ ……有多少……? 主语+find+that从句. ……发现…… spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 It’s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的……的。 ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事 What’s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 二 必背句型 1、-----What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末都干什么？ -----I often go to the movies. 我经常去看电影。 2、----How often do you watch TV? 你多长时间看一次电视？ ----Twice a week. 一周两次。 3、What's your favorite program? = What program do you like best? 你最喜欢的节目是什么？ 4、I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。 5、Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上个月我们调查了学生空闲时间的活动。 6、Most students use it for fun and not for homework. 大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作业。 7、The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting. 关于看电视的调查结果也十分的有趣。 8、Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但是娱乐节目是最流行的。 9、It is good to relax by using the Internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。 (1) It’s +adj.+to do sth 做某事„„的 如 It’s very easy to learn English well. (2) by doing sth. 通过做某事 (3) the best way to do sth. is做某事的最好方式 10、It is healthy for the mind and the body. 这有益于身心健康。 stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康 11、 Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。 三 词语辨析： 1、how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, three times 等词语。 How often do you play sports? Three times a week. 2、how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。 How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler? 3、how for 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? It’s about 2 kilometers. 四 How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。 How come Tom didn’t come to the party? = Why didn’t Tom come to the party? 五 go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night. go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon. 六 find 1、find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy. 2、find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty. 3、find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door. 七 percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed. 八 afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。 I’m afraid we can’t come here on time. 1、be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事；Some children are afraid of the dark. 2、be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Don’t be afraid of asking question. 3、I’m afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： I’m afraid I have to go now. 4、be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 九【辨析】 sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别： 1、sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。 Sometimes I get up very early. ------How often do you get up? 2、sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when. I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. ------When will you go to Shanghai next week? 3、some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times. I have read the story some times. -------How many times have you read the story? 4、some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long. I ‘ll stay here for some time. -----How long will you stay here? 十 We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我们都知道许多学生经常上网，但是让我们感到惊讶的是90%的学生每天都上网，而另外10%的学生一周至少上网达三至四次。 (1) other: adj. 其他的+名词 the other: adj. 其他的+名词(在特定的范围内) one...the other... 一个....另一个 如 One of them is blue，the other ones are purple. 它们的其中一个是蓝色的，其他的是紫色的。 others: 其他的东西 the others: 其他的东西(在特定的范围内) 如 One of the children likes reading，the others like singing. 后句可替换为the other students like singing. (2) at least 至少 at most 最多，至多 如 I have ten yuan in my pocket at most. Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. 知识点 一 重点短语 more outgoing更外向 as…as…与……一样…… the singing competition唱歌比赛 be similar to与……相像的/类似的 the same as和……相同；与……一致 be different from与……不同 care about关心；介意 be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的 as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩 reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 touch one’s heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋 have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 be good at擅长…… be good at doing sth擅长做某事 be good with善于与……相处 as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与……一样…… It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……的 二 必背句型 1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。 2. That’s Tara, isn’t it? 那是塔拉，是吧？ 3. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 不过，你能看得出来，丽萨确实想赢。 4. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. 但是最重要的是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。 5. I think a good friend makes me laugh. 我认为好朋友会让我发笑。 6. Are you as friendly as your sister?你和你姐姐一样友善吗？ 7. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.我太内向了，对我来说交朋友很难。 8. I’m quieter and more serious than most kids. 我比大多数的孩子更文静更稳重。 9. That’s why I like reading books and studying harder in class. 那就是我在课堂上喜欢读书、学习更刻苦的原因。 10. But I think friends are like books—you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. 但是我认为朋友就像书一样——你不需要很多。只要它们好就行。 三 词语辨析： 1 laugh （1）v. & n. 笑 We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。 We all laughed at his joke. 听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。 He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。 （2）laugh at嘲笑 Don’t laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。 People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。 Everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。 （3）笑；笑声 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。 （4）laugh一般表示“出声地(大)笑”，不但有面部表情，而且还有声音。 smile一般表示“无声地微笑”，指的是面部表情。 smile at...意为“向……微笑”。 He smiled at me. 2 though （1）conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = although Though it was raining，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。 Though he was poor he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。 注意：不能受汉语的影响，在though引导的从句后使用but。如： Though he was poor，but he was happy.（误） （2）though adv.. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。 Jim said that he would come, he didn’t , though. 3 both (1) 表示“两者都”， both用在含有be动词的句中，应放在be动词的后面；用在含有行为动词的句中，应放在行为动词的前面， (2) both…and…表示“两者都”，both...and在句中连接并列成分，如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，位置比较灵活。 如 Both New York and London have traffic problems. (连接主语) The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.(连接谓语) 拓展： all表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思， every指三个以上的人或物(含三个)， each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。 4 win （1）作不及物动词，意为“赢；获胜”； （2）win还可用作及物动词，意为“赢得；在……中获胜”，此时其后的宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 如 He won the first prize. Who won the race？ 辨析：win与beat win表示“赢得；获胜”，用作及物动词时，其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 如 We won the basketball game. beat表示“打赢；战胜”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手。 如 Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race. 5 make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事” 如 His father always makes him get up before five o’clock. 拓展：make的用法： ① make加名词 make food 做饭 make the bed 铺床 make money 赚钱 ② make + sb./sth. + adj. 使某人感到……；使……处于某种状态 如 The soft music makes Tina sleepy. ③ make sb./sth. + n. 使某人成为…… 如 The party made her a good teacher. ④ make sb./sth. + 过去分词 让某人被…… 如 I made myself understood by all the students. ⑤ make sb./sth. + do sth. 使某人做某事(不能带不定式符号to) 如 Wars make the peace go away. 注意：当make用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号to. 如 We were made to work all night. I was made to repeat the story. 四 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really； 2）比较级，表示“较……”或“更……”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than,A or B,of the two, 修饰词much,a lot,a little； 3）最高级，表示“最……”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。 ①形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化：
②形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化：
③ as...as意为“与……一样……”，as...as中间接形容词或副词的原级。其否定结构not as/so...as意为“不如……”。 如 He is as tall as his father. 他和他爸爸一样高。 Tom gets up as early as Jim. 汤姆起得和吉姆一样早。 Lucy isn’t as outgoing as Mary. 露西不如玛丽外向。 注意： (1) 其否定式为not as/so +adj./adv. +as。 如 This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think. (2) 若有修饰成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。 如 Your bag is twice as expensive as mine. 你的包比我的贵一倍。
Unit4 What’s the best movie theater? 知识点 一 重点短语 movie theater电影院 be close to…离……近 clothes store服装店 in town在镇上 so far到目前为止 10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 talent show才艺表演 in common共同；共有 around the world世界各地；全世界 more and more……越来越… and so on等等 all kinds of……各种各样的 be up to是……的职责；由……决定 not everybody并不是每个人 make up编造（故事、谎言等） for example例如 take…seriously认真对待 give sb. sth.给某人某物 come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到 much+ adj./adv.的比较级 ……得多 watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事 play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色 one of+可数名词的复数 ……之一 二 必背句型 1. ---What’s the best clothes store in town?城里最好的的服装店是哪家？ ---I think Miller’s is the best.我觉得米勒的服装店是最好的。 2. It has the most comfortable seats. 它有最舒适的座位。 3.You can sit the most comfortably because they have the biggest seats.因为它们有最大的座位所以你可以坐得最舒服。 4.It’s the closest to home. 它离家最近。 5.It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.观看别人展示他们的天赋总是很有趣。 6.Thanks for telling me. 谢谢你告诉我。 三close 形容词，意为“近的，接近的”，既可指时间，也可以指空间上的。closest 为形容词 close的最高级形式。其反义词为far, 近义词为near。在表达“离……近”时，用（be）close to 结构。 如：The post office is close to the park. 邮局离公园近。 He sat close to us. 他挨着我们坐。 be close to home.离家近 拓展： ①close/near close与near都意为“近的”，但close比near表达的距离更近，相当于very near，可以近至几乎相接触，而near意为“附近的；邻近的。” 如：My home is near our school.我家离我们学校很近。 ②close还是一个动词，意为“关；关闭”。其反义词为open。例如： Please close the windows before leaving. 离开前请将窗户关上。 Don’t close your eyes, please. 请不要闭上眼睛。 ③close还可意为“亲密的” 如：You are my close friend.你是我最亲密的朋友。 四 one of the +最高级+可数名词复数 （意为“最...之一”，做主语时看做单数) 如：One of the longest rivers in China is the Yellow River. 注意：“one of +形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+可数名词复数”=“a/an +可数名词单数+of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格” 如：one of my friends=a friend of mine我的一个朋友 如：one of the boy’s habits=a habit of the boy’s这个男孩的一个习惯 五 all kinds of 意为“各种类型的，各种各样的”，kind此处作可数名词，意为“种类，类别” different kinds of，意为“不同种类的”。 如：Now, parents always make their children take part in all kinds of activities.现在,父母总是让孩子参加各种各样的活动。 如：There are many different kinds of animals in the zoo.动物园里有许多不同类型的动物。 拓展： ①kind of ,意为“有点儿”=a little.修饰形容词或副词。 如：I feel kind of hungry.我感觉有点饿。 ②kind作形容词，意为“和蔼的”，be kind to “对…和蔼” 如：She is very kind to children.她对孩子们非常和蔼。 六 join v. 加入，参加（加入人群、团体、组织和机构等） 拓展：join/join in/ take part in ①join：加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，不可用join in。 如： He will never forget the day when he joined the Party. 他永远也忘不了他入党的那一天。 His brother joined the army three years ago. 他哥哥是三年前参军的。 join：还可解释为“连接”。如： The railway joined the two cities. 铁路把两个城市连接起来了。 The two clauses are joined by a conjunction. 两个分句由一个连词连接起来。 ②join in：多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。 如： Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，来参加球赛。 Why didn't you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？ 注意：如果说“与其人一起做某事”，则用join sb. in sth. / doing sth. 。 如： May I join in the game? 我可以参加这个游戏吗？ Come and join us in the discussion. 来和我们一起讨论吧！ We are having supper now. Would you like to join us? 我们正在吃晚饭，你也来和我们一起吃好吗？ ③take part in：参加(群众性活动、会议等)，往往指参加者持积极态度．起一定作用。 如： A great number of students took part in May 4 Movement. 大批学生参加了五四运动。 All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning. 所有的学生都积极参加了大扫除。 注意：take part in是惯用词组，part前一般不用冠词，但part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。 如：Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery. 林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。 七 That’s up to you to decide. 这由你来决定。 be up to sb. 意为“是某人的责任，由某人决定”，常用到的结构是： It’s up to sb. to do sth. 如：Protecting the environment is up to us. 保护环境是我们的责任。 如：It’s up to me to help you with English.帮助你学习英语是我的职责。 拓展： ①be up to意为“忙于；从事于”，其中to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。 如：What is she up to these days? 她这些天忙什么呢？ ②be up to意为“胜任；适合”，通常用于否定句或疑问句。 如：He isn’t up to the work.他不能胜任这份工作。 如：This product isn’t up to the standard. 这个产品没达标。 如：Do you think Jim is up to doing it by himself? 你认为吉姆能独立完成这件事吗？ 八 give v.“给予，提供”，可接两个宾语，成为双宾语 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.，意为“把某物给某人” 如：He gave me a dictionary.=He gave a dictionary to me. 拓展： 常在中考中出现的可接双宾语的动词主要有： tell, hand, pass, give, teach, bring,send, lend, show 等 ；v. sb. sth. = v. sth. to sb. buy, cook, get, make, draw 等 ；v. sb. sth. = v. sth. for sb. 注意：如果直接宾语是代词，只能用含有介词to/for的形式。 如：Please give it to Li Lei. 如：My father buys it for me. 九 形容词和副词的最高级
1.表示由动词加-ing或-ed构成的形容词。 2.表示由形容词加后缀-ly构成的副词。 3.表示部分双音节及多音节词。 tall-- taller short-- shorter long-- longer fat-- fatter heavy-- heavier thin -- thinner cute -- cuter clever-- cleverest strict -- stricter kind -- kinder nice -- nicer calm -- calmer wild -- wilder smart -- smarter quiet -- quieter loud-louder shy -- shier lovely -- lovelier pretty-- prettier ugly-uglier funny -- funnier friendly --friendlier / less friendly happy--happier lazy -- lazier popular -- more popular outgoing – more outgoing talented -- more talented serious –more/less serious active -- more active athletic --more athletic handsome --more handsome beautiful -- more beautiful hardworking – more/ less hardworking ( jump) high -- higher ( run ) fast -- faster ( work ) hard -- harder ( get up ) early -- earlier ( sing ) well -- sing better late -- later ( dance ) well -- dance better ( play basketball ) well -- (play basketball ) better be good at -- be better at ( feel )good -- ( feel )better (sing) clearly -- (sing) more clearly (speak) loudly -- (speak) more loudly calmly -- more calmly wildly -- more wildly quietly -- more quietly seriously --more seriously actively -- more actively 【注意】形容词最高级与比较级的转换，变成： ①形容词比较级+than any other +单数名词 ②形容词比较级+than the other + 复数名词 ③形容词比较级+than anyone else 如：Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than anyone else in his class. = Mike gets to school earliest in his class. 注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom's class.
Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show? 知识点 一重点短语 think of认为 learn from从……获得；向……学习 find out查明；弄清楚 talk show谈话节目 game show游戏节目 soap opera肥皂剧 go on发生 watch a movie看电影 a pair of一双；一对 try one’s best尽某人最大努力 as famous as与……一样有名 have a discussion about就……讨论 one day有一天 such as例如 dress up打扮；梳理 take sb.’s place代替；替换 do a good job干得好 something enjoyable令人愉快的东西 interesting information有趣的资料 one of……之一 look like看起来像 around the world全世界 a symbol of……的象征 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事 happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 expect to do sth.盼望做某事 How about doing…?做……怎么样？ be ready to do sth.乐于做某事 二 必背句型 1、What do you think of talk shows?They’re OK.你觉得访谈节目怎么样？它们不错。 2、I don’t mind them.我不介意他们。 3、I hope to find out what’s going on around the world.我希望了解世界各地正在发生的事情。 4、We had a discussion about TV shows.我们就电视节目展开了一次讨论。 5、I can’t stand them.我不能忍受它们。 6、I like follow the story and see what happens next.我喜欢跟着剧情，看接下来发生的事情。 7、they may not be very exciting,but you can expect to learn a lot from them.它们也许不很激动人心，但是你可以从中学到很多东西。 8、I hope to be a TV reporter one day.我希望有一天可以成为一名电视台记者。 9、How about you?你呢？ 三 辨析the other, the others, other, others,another 1、the other 表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分，可直接单数名词或复数名词。表示两个中的一个……另一个……时，常用one …the other…。例： He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor. There are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys. 2、the others 特指某一范围内的其他的（人或物），是the other的复数形式，相当于the other+复数名词。the other + 复数名词 = any other + 名词单数。例： You two stay here, the others go with me. I’m different from Jeff because I’m louder than the other kids (any other kid) in my class. 3、other 作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名词单数或复数。例： We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects. 4、others 作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”。 例： Some students are doing homework,others are talking loudly. 5、another 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例： I don’t like this one. Please show me another one. 四 find out 查明，弄清楚，find 找到 look for 寻找 Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing. 五 发生 1、（1）happen v.发生，一般指偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。 sth + happens to sb. 某人发生某事 A traffic accident happened to his elder brother yesterday. sth + happens + 地点/时间，意为：某地/某时发生了某事 An accident happened on Park Street. （2）happen v，表示“碰巧”，主语可以是人，后常跟动词不定式to,表示“碰巧……”. sb + happens to do sth. I happened to see my uncle on the street. 2、 take place 意为“发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例： Great changes have taken place in China. The meeting will take place next Friday. 3 go on 发生，与 take place 同义 I wonder what was going on. 翻译：隔壁发生了什么？ ？ 六.expect v. 期待，盼望，预期，后常接四种结构： 1、expect + 名词/代词，期待某事/某人，预计……可能发生。 I’m expecting Li Lin’s letter. 2、expect to do sth. 预计做某事 Lily expects to come back next week. 3、expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 I expect my mother to come back early. 4、expect + 从句 预计…… I expected that I’ll come back next Monday. 七 serious 1、a. 严肃的，认真的。 He is a serious man. 2、be serious about sb/sth. 对某人/某事当真 Peter is serious about Jenny. He wants to get married to her. 3、be serious about doing sth. 对某事当真 He’s serious about selling his house. 4、take sth. seriously 认真对待某事 八 hope+to do(希望自己做某事)/宾语从句; 不能说 hope sb. to do sth. 希望别人做某事： Sb. hopes he/she/it/they that… 如 I hope to go to Beijing soon. Jim hopes he can join the Music Club. hope 可用作名词:lose hope 失去希望 My hope is that I can become a doctor .我的梦想是成为一名医生。 hope——hopeful 充满希望的；有希望的 hopeless 无望的；绝望的 【拓展】hope 与 wish 的区别： （1）hope 表示说话者想要做的事，通过努力可以实现；表示未来可能的希望。 wish 表示说话者想要做某事，但不一定能实现，或认为可能性不大。表示与事实相反 的愿望。 如 Some students wish to go to the moon now.(不可能实现) I wish I could make no mistakes in exams.(与事实相反的愿望) （2）wish 后可接“sb.+to do sth”的结构，hope 直接+ to do 或用宾语从句表达。 如 The little girl wishes her mother to come home from work earlier every day. The little girl hopes that her mother comes home from work earlier every day. （3）wish + (that) ……通常表示愿望很难实现。that 引出的从句使用虚拟语气，用过去时或 过去完成时。 例： I wish I were you . I wish I could fly . 九 may “也许，可能，可以“， 疑问句，征求对方的许可，语气委婉 回答：Sure./Yes, you may./No, you can’t. I ask you a question? ---Sure. A. May B. Would C. Do 如 Some people might ask how this cartoon animal became so popular. 【用法】might 做情态动词，意为“可能；可以”，表示没有把握地推测。 如 I thought it might be true. The boy might have known the truth, but I am not quite sure. 【拓展】might 与 may 的区别 1、两者都可以表示请求允许，might 表示的语气比较委婉。 如 May/Might I have a look at your picture book? 2、两者都可以表示推测，might 比 may 的语气更不确定，表示可能性更小。 如He may/might know Mulan. But I am not sure. 3、表示允许某人做某事，通常用 may 而不用 might。 You may come and watch the sitcom with me tomorrow.
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