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Unit1 How can we become good learners?
Section A
知识点1：I can’t understand spoken English.
（1）speak→ spoke → spoken v 说
部分动词的过去分词也可做该词的形容词：
spoken adj. 口语的；口头的，可直接修饰名词；类似broken 坏掉的 written 写作的
speaking adj.讲话的；说（某种语言）的，常与某种表示语言的词一起组成一个形容词；
如：1、I am not good at spoken English.
2、Australia is an English-speaking country.
speaker n. 讲话的人
spoken English 英语口语 written English 书面英语
speaking skills 口语技巧 an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家
Keys: spoken English 英语口语 written English 书面英语
speaking skills 口语技巧 an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家
（2）辨析：speak/talk/say/tell
(1) 说某种语言用speak speak English 说英语
(2) 与某人交谈用talk talk with sb.= talk to sb. 与某人交谈
(3) 强调说话内容用say say it in English 用英语说
(4) 告诉某人用tell tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事 否定形式：
- 巩固训练：适当形式填空
(1) Reading aloud is good for your _____________ (speak) English.
(2) He wants to improve his ________ English by ______English with native______. (speak)
- 选用 say speak talk tell的适当形式填空。
１. He ＿＿＿＿ he is busy．
２. ″What language do you ＿＿＿＿＿＿﹖″ ″I ＿＿＿＿＿＿ Chinese．″
３. The teacher is ＿＿＿＿＿＿ loudly to the students．
４. She is ＿＿＿＿＿ with her classmates．
５. Please ＿＿＿＿me what I should do now．
Keys: 1 spoken 2.spoken; speaking
１．says ２．speak/speak ３．speaking ／talking ４．talking ５．tell
知识点2： aloud / loud/ loudly区分：
①aloud adv，“大声地；出声地”，常与read、think连用，表示真的把话说出来而不是在心里默默地“说”，只有修饰cry, shout时，aloud才表示“大声地”
②loud adj/ adv。作adv时，“高声地；响亮地；大声地”，常放于speak、talk、laugh、sing、say 之后，多用比较级
- loudly“高声地”，有时与loud通用。但含有“喧闹”的意味。在用与比较级或最高级时，通常用loud而不用loudly
◆Reading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。
◆Don’t talk so loudly/loud.不要那么高声的谈话。
◆in a loud voice 高声地
译：请说大声一点，我听不清楚。
突然，墙上的钟大声地响了。____________________________________________
她大声朗读时发音很好。__________________________________________________
收音机不够响，你能把它调得响一点吗？
_______________________________________________________________
① What about ____________(大声读) to practice your spoken English?
② The boys are talking____ in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy.
- aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud
③ Don’t speak so ___, my boys, I’ll read ___ a story to you.
- loudly;aloud B. loudly; loudly
- aloud; loudly D. loud; loudly
Keys: Speak louder, please. I can’t hear you clearly.
Suddenly, the bell on the wall rang loudly.
She has a good pronunciation when she reads aloud.
The radion isn’t loud enough. Could you turn it up?
- reading aloud 2.D 3.D
知识点3:I make mistakes in grammar.
（1）mistake →mistook → mistaken v 错误 cn.错误
make mistakes 放错 make mistakes in 在某方面放错
mistake A for B 把…误认为… by mistake 错误地
（2）make短语拓展:
make the bed 整理床铺 make face 做鬼脸 make a living 谋生
make friends with 交朋友 make fun of = laugh at 取笑 make money 赚钱
- 巩固训练：
(1) Yesterday I ____________（犯错误）， I_________ Mr. Wang Mr. Zhang（把…误认为）， and said hello to Mr. Wang ___________ (错误地).
(2) My brother often grammar. 哥哥经常在语法上犯错
(3) He often ____ mistakes in spelling.
- takes B. makes C. has
(4) She seldom(很少) speaks English after class, for she was afraid ____ mistakes ___ pronunciation.
- to make; of B. making; of C. to make; in D. of making; in
(5) The boy failed the exam again because he made some __________ in the exam.
A.plans B.decisions C.suggestions D.mistakes
Keys: 1. made a mistake; mistook; for; by mistake 2. makes mistakes in 3.B 4.C D
知识点4:Maybe you should join an English club.译：
分析讲解：
- 辨析join/join in/take part in
join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。
join the army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部
join in 后接活动名称
join sb. 加入到某个人群一起
take part in 参加 ，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。
强化训练：
(1)– I suppose we’ll go to plant trees next week.
-- Wonderful! Planting trees is a lot of fun. I’d like to ___ you.
- visit B. join C. follow D. meet
(2) –Mary, would you like to ___ this game?
—I’d love to, but I have to finish ___ the composition first.
- join in; to write B. attend; writing C. join; to write D. take part in; writing.
Keys: B D
知识点5: Well, be patient.
patient是形容词，意为“有耐心的”，它还可以作名词，意为“病人”
You must be very patient with her, as she has been ill for months.
The patient perfectly recovers from his illness.
归纳拓展：
be patient with sb.对某人有耐心
patience n.耐心 patiently adv.耐心地
反义词：impatient adj.没有耐心的
--Why do you admire Miss White so much?
--Because she is __________ with old people when helping them solve problems.
A.patient B.angry C.bored
Section B
知识点1: Research shows that successful learners have some good habits in common.
分析讲解：
（1） succeed v 成功，达到 →success n 成功
→successful adj 成功的
→successfully adv成功地
succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事
（2）have……in common 有共同之处
- 巩固训练：
(1)If at first you don’t ____________(success) ，try again.
(2)She works very hard, so she will ____ in ____ the exam.
- successful; pass B. success ;passing
- succeed; passing D. successful; passing
(3) 翻译：相信你自己是很重要的，那是成功的。
__________________________________________________
Keys: succeed C It’s important to trust yourself. It’s the secret of success.
知识点2：It is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time.
分析讲解：
（1）It’s + adj.(easy, difficult, important, necessary) + (for sb.) to do sth
若形容词表示事物特征的，如：easy ,difficult, hard ,important等，须用介词for
（2） It’s +adj.( kind, honest, friendly, )+(of sb) to do sth.
若形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点，如：good ,kind ,nice, wrong等，用介词of。
[观察] You must pay attention to listening to your teacher in class. 在课堂上你必须注意听老师讲课。
（3）pay (great/much/more) attention to 对…注意；关注；其后若跟动词，要用 形式,此处的to 是 词。
- 强化训练：
（1）It’s important for us _______(learn) English well.
（2）It’s hard for us ____________(finish) this task in two days.
（3） It’s very nice ____ you to help me a lot. A. for B. of C. in D. on
（4） –It’s very ___ of you to work out the problem for me.
- kind B. activeC. necessary D. easy
（5）You should _________________(更多关注) your study instead of playing computer game.
（6）You should pay your attention to (pronounce) the words.
(7) The chemistry teacher asked the students (pay) attention (clean) the lab.
Keys: 1.to learn 2. to finish 3. B 4. A 5. pay more attention 6.pronouncing 7. to pay; to cleaning
知识点3 ：Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.
分析讲解：
（1）even though=even if 即使 引导让步状语从句 (同义:though/although)
even though 引导让步状语从句时，不能与but连用
- 巩固训练：
（1）尽管她是个小女孩，她能帮妈妈做很多家务。
译：
（2） ____ my father isn’t pleased with his working environment , he still works hard.
- And B. Although C. But D. Before
（3） — This dress was last year’s style.
— I think it still looks perfect ______ it was out of style this year.
- so that B. as if C. even though D. ever since
Keys: 1.Even though she is a girl , she can do a lot of housework to help her mother 2.B 3. C
知识点4：Good learners are also not afraid of making mistakes.
分析讲解：
（1）be afraid of sth/doing sth 不敢做某事
be afraid to do sth 害怕去做…
(2) be afraid +that 恐怕…
(4) learn to do sth.学习做某事
- 巩固训练：
（1）The girl was afraid ____(go) across the bridge, for she was afraid ____(fall） down from it.
（2）Tina is so shy that she is afraid of ____ in front of a group.
- to speak B. speak C. speaking D. spoke
Keys: 1.of going ； to fall 2.C
知识点5：I do that sometimes. I think it helps.（选讲）
分析讲解：some time /sometime/some times/sometimes
【记忆口诀】：分开是一段时间， 合起是某时；
分开s 是几倍（次），合起s是有时
(1) some time一段时间，做时间状语
I will stay in Beijing for some time. 我要在北京呆一段时间。
(2) sometime adv 在某个时候
I think I will fly to the moon sometime in the future.我认为将来的某个时候我要飞往月球。
(3) some times 名词词组，“几次，几倍”
Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer. 去年夏天格林先生去了三亚几次。
(4)sometimes=at times 有时 （一般现在时的标志词）
On weekends，sometimes he stays at home, sometimes he goes to the park with his friends.
- ( ) I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.
- sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time
Keys: C
知识点6：voice/noise /sound 辨析
(1)voice 多指人说话、唱歌、鸟的叫声以及乐器发出的悦耳的声音。
(2)noise n → noisy adj. 吵闹的 指不悦耳的吵闹声 如嘈杂声、噪音等 make a noise制造噪音
(3)sound ①n 泛指人听到的任何声音。② v 听起来（系动词）
【巧记】There was a loud ________ outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his __________: “ Light travels much faster than __________”.
- 巩固训练
( ) ① At the foot of Wulian Mountains, you can hear the ____ of running water.
- sound B. noise C. voice D. silence
( ) ②–Do you like the song You and Me? --Of course. It____ great.
- sounds B. looks C. smells
( ) ③ Oh, my god! The kids are making too much ____ here. I can’t do anything.
- sound B. voice C. noise D. footstep
Keys: noise; voice; sound 1.A 2.A 3.C
知识点7：.But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked up the words in a dictionary
分析讲解：look up 查找(跟代词作宾语，代词放中间)，后跟单词等，另意为向上看
【拓展】请列出与look 相关的短语：
【拓展】联系动词：一是(be),一感(feel),一保持(keep)
起来四个(sound, look,smell,taste)
似乎(seem)变了仨(get, turn, become)
- – Can you ___ the time of the next train to Tianjin? -- OK, I’ll ____ right now for you.
- look up; look it up B. look it up; look up
- look up; look at itD. look up ; look up it
- My mother is ill in hospital. I have to ________ my grandparents at home.
- look out B．look after C．look up D．look at
- When you read, don’t ______ every new word in the dictionary. Try to guess its meaning.
A.give up B.put up C.look for D.look up
Keys: look after 照顾 look like 看起来像 look over 检查 look at 看
Look out小心 look up to 尊敬 look down向下看 look down on/uopn轻视
look through 浏览 look for 寻找 look forward to 期待
look around 向四周看 look back 向后看；回顾 C B D
知识点8：They even ask each other and try to find out the answers.
分析讲解：
（1）try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
(2) find out寻找，查明
find/look for/find out 词义辨析
find v 找到，强调找到的结果
look for 寻找，强调找东西的过程
find out 查明，找到，指经过调查，询问等弄清事实的真相
强化训练：
（1）We should __________________(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.
（2）The window is broken. Try to_____ who broke it.
- find out B. find C. look D. look for
Keys: 1.try our best 2. A
知识点9：practice v 练习 practice doing sth 练习做某事
【拓展翻译】finish doing sth enjoy doing sth , mind doing sth
give up doing sth can’t help doing sth consider doing sth
①We often practice _____________basketball after school.(play)
②This term I enjoy ______________(watch) English movies.
Keys: 完成、喜欢、介意、放弃、情不自禁、考虑做某事
1、playing 2、watching
知识点10：pronounce vt. 发音 → pronunciation n 发音（可数）
He doesn’t want to give a speech because his prounciation is poor.
The word has two different pronunciations.
① Please tell me how to __________________(发音) the word.
② What’s the ___________________(发音) of the word “text”?
③ My teacher told me “either” has two ______________ (pronounce).
Because of my prro p__________, my classmates can’t understand my spoken English.
Keys: 1.pronounce 2. pronunciation 3.pronunciations pronunciation
知识点11：connect…with…“把…和…联系起来；把…和…连接起来”。
[观察] Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting.
好的学习者经常把他们需要学习的东西和有趣的东西联系起来。
知识点12：16. Good learners find out the best ways to learn well.
分析讲解：
（1）the best way to do sth= the best way of doing sth 做某事最好的方法
强化训练：
- 译：学好英语最好的方法是做更多练习。
_______________________________________________________
Keys: The best way to learn English well is doing more practice.
知识查漏：
- speed n. 速度 athigh / low speed 以高/低速运行
例： The car moves at a very low speed.
- the secret of / to… ……的秘诀 例：the secret of success 成功的秘诀
知识点12.It’s too hard to understand spoken English 理解英语口语太难了
解析：too+形容词/副词+to do sth. 太…而不能…可以与 enough to 结构及so …that 结构转换
观察例句：My brother is too young to go to school alone.
→ He is so young that he can’t go to school alone.
→ She isn’t old enough to go to school alone.
将too…to 转换为enough to 结构时要注意enough 前的形容词或副词必须是 too 后面形容词或副词的反义词，enough to 结构必须用否定式。
‚ 将too …to 结构转换为so …that 结构时要注意：so后接形容词或副词，that 后接否定句子。
1.这条河里的水太脏不能游泳。
The water in the river is too dirty to swim in.(同义句转换)
The water in the river is dirty we swim in it .
The water in the river is enough in .
2.这张桌子太重我搬不动。The table is ______ _______ _______ I can’t carry it.
The table is_______ ________for me______ ________.
The table_____ _____ ________ for me______ ________.
- The camera is _________ expensive __________ I can’t afford it.
- so;that B.such; that C.so;as D. too; to
- You’d better take the map with you ____________ you won’t get lost.
- as long as B.as soon as C.now that D.so that
- The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.(同义句转换)
The box is __________ heavy for me ________ carry.
- 他跑得太快，以至于我们都追不上他。
He ran ________ ________ __________ we couldn’t keep up with him.
Keys: 1.so that can’t; not clean to swim 2. so heavy that; too heavy to carry; not light enough to carry A D too, to so fast that
知识点13. The more you read, the faster you’ll be . 你读的越多，你的速度就会越快。
The + 比较级 + 句子 ， the + 比较级 + 句子 “越 …… 越……”
练：你越仔细，你犯得错误就越少。(翻译)
Key: The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. D
- ________ we work at English, the better grades we will get.
- Harder B.The harder C.Hardest D.The harder
- The more you get together, _______ you will be.
A.the happy B.the happier C.happier D.the more happy
练习：
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
- why don’t you _________(ask) your parents for help if you are in trouble?
- --What about _______(go) swimming with us?
--Good idea. Lat’s go.
- Do you often memorize new words by __________(make) vocabulary lists？
- Yesterday I watched an English movie __________(call) Toy Story.
- I haven’t finished _________(clean) the classroom yet.
- The man has the ________(able) to do the job well. We all trust him.
- Bob first got __________(interset) in motorcycles when he was about sixteen.
- She is a clever girl and she always answers the teacher’s questions __________(active).
- You should pay attention to ___________（listen）to the teachers in class.
- Although he is tired, he still keeps ___________(work).
- The girl has to practice ____________（play）the piano every day.
二、根据汉语意思完成句子
1、我的旅游计划总是由我的父母的假期而定。
My travel plans always __________ _________ my parents’ vacation.
- 别怕犯错，我们可以从众多错误中学到东西。
Don’t be afraid of ___________ __________ and we can learn from them.
- 现在他对打篮球更感兴趣了。
Now he is more ___________ ______________ playing basketball.
- 我们应该思考怎么把中国文化介绍到全世界。
We should think about ___________ __________ introduce Chinese culture to the world.
- 魏芬发现将要学的内容与有趣的事情联系在一起是很有用的。
Wei Fen found it very useful to __________ what she needs to learn _______ something interesting.
- 他是否会来我的生日聚会还未知。
_________ ________ __________ he will come to my birthday party isn’t known.
- 一开始，我并不觉得紧张。
_________ _________, I didn’t feel nervous.
- 那场比赛因大雨而被取消了。
The match was cancled _________ _________ the heavy rain.
- 昨天我看了一部英文电影。看完后，我爱上了这部电影。
I watched an English mvie yesterday. After watchong it, I _________ _______ __________ __________ it.
- 不要一个单词一个单词地翻译这个句子。
Don’t translate the sentence __________ __________ ___________.
- 上课我总是做很多笔记。
In class I always ________ lots of ___________.
- 如果你不知道如何解决这个问题，你可以向你的老师求助。
If you don’t konw how to solve the problem, you can _________ your teacher _________ __________.
- 我已经读完这本书了。
I have already __________ ____________ the book.
- 你读的书越多，你的阅读技能就会越好。
__________ __________ you read, ________ _______ your reading skill will be.
- 学生们通过查阅词典学习新单词。
The students learn the new words by ________ them ________ in the dictionary.
- 如果你做事匆忙，就会出错。
You will __________ __________ if you do things in a hurry.
17、当地政府已经采取了一些措施来应对空气污染。
The local government _________ ___________ __________ some measures to fight against air pollution.
18、我们真的想知道如何远离雾霾。
We really want to know __________ _________ __________ _______ __________ the smog.
19、年轻人不得不学习保护自然资源，以便在这块土地上世代生活下去。
Young people have to learn to protect natural resources __________ __________ they may live on the land for generations.
三、语法填空（请用所给词的适当形式填空，每一空不多于3哥单词）
Hello, I’m Tom. I live in ___1__ (French) and French is my native language. My English is really good and now I want __2__ (share) my experience with you.
When I was six, my dad encouraged me to listen to some songs by The Beatles. I listened to __3_ (it) every day. In the beginning I could understand ___4__ (something) of what they were singing. But I enjoyed the music. And soon I got to understand a few words, but only the ones in the titles.
__5__ (late) I got a book with the lyrics (歌词) of some songs by The Beatles. I read the book many times. I listened to the music and ___6___ (learn) many songs by heart. I sang the songs to myself. Still, I understood very little of them. But I loved them so much that it became my dream __7___ (understand) the songs by The Beatles. That was 8 I started my way towards English.
Today, I am good at English. My ___9__ (pronounce) isn’t poor. And I can memorize the words and understand them 10 (good). I’m happy because my dream comes true.
1__________2__________3_________4__________5__________
6__________7__________8_________9__________10________
Keys: 1.France 2.to share 3.them 4. nothing 5. Later
- learnt/learned 7.to understand 8. how 9. pronunciation 10. well
专题语法
一、介词by的用法
- 1. by表示方式、方法或手段，后接名词或动名词，意为“使用某物；靠；乘(车、船)等”。如：
Do you learn English by reading aloud？你通过大声朗读来学习英语吗？
I often go to school by bike.我经常骑自行车去上学。
- 2. by表示时间，意为“到……时(为止)；在……以前、不迟于”。如：
I have to go to bed by ten o'clock.我必须10点前睡觉。
Can you finish your work by nine o'clock？你能在9点前完成你的工作吗？
- 3. by表示地点、位置，意为“靠近；在……旁边”。如：
The boy often reads books by the river.这个男孩经常在河边读书。
- 4. by表示移动的方向，意为“从……旁边过”。如：
He walked by me without speaking.他从我旁边经过，没有说话。
- 5. by表示根据，意为“按照”。如：
What time is it by your watch？你的手表几点了？
- 6. by表示被抓着，被接触身体的某一部分。如：
She took me by the hand.她拉着我的手。
二、动名词用法小结
- 1. 动名词在句中作主语
(1)动名词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 如：
Doing morning exercises is good for our health.做早操对我们的健康有好处。
(2)可以用 it作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置。如：
Getting up early is good for your health.→It's good for your health to get up early.早起对你的健康有益。
- 2. 动名词在句中作宾语
动名词在句中作宾语时，一般放在某一及物动词或介词之后充当这一动词或介词的宾语。
(1)后接动名词作宾语的及物动词有：finish，enjoy，keep，stand(忍受)，suggest，advise，practice，allow，mind，imagine 等。 如：
The tourists enjoy staying in Kunming all the year round.游客们喜欢一整年都待在昆明。
Do you mind opening the window？你介意开一下窗户吗？
(2)动名词作介词的宾语，包括以介词结尾的动词短语，如： give up，take part in，be good at等。如：
I know you are good at drawing pictures.我知道你擅长画画。
Many young people took part in planting trees on Tree Planting Day.很多年轻人在植树节那天参加植树活动。
Ⅰ.选词填空。
- 1. Her mother goes to work ________(on/by) bus every morning.
- 2. The two kids practice spoken English ________(by/with) joining the English club.
- 3. ________(To watch/Watching) movies is a popular way for many people to relax.
- 4. As we know，it's not polite to keep others ________(wait/waiting) for a long time.
- 5. Jane，come in and sit ________(between/by) me.
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
- 6. Do you often memorize new words by ________(make) vocabulary lists?
- 7. Can you finish ________(do) your homework before nine o'clock?
- 8. Don't worry about ________(make) mistakes when you talk to foreigners in English.
- 9. ________(help) each other at school is a way to improve our friendship.
- 10. We have worked for three hours.Let's stop ________(work) and have a rest.
Ⅲ.用by的相关短语完成下列句子，每空一词。
- 11. I think the best way to learn English is ________ ________ ________ ________(通过听磁带)．
- 12. Henry was sitting over there ________ ________ ________(在窗户旁)．
- 13. Shall we go ________ ________(乘火车)?
- 14. The trees ________ ________ ________(沿河) are all very tall.
- 15. John is afraid to stay at home ________ ________(他自己)．
Ⅳ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
- 16. 我通过和朋友练习对话的方式来提髙英语。
I improve my English ________ ________ ________ with my friends.
- 17. 她认为读英语杂志是记生词的最好办法。
She thinks ________ English magazines is the best way ________ ________ new words.
- 18. 多读有助于提高你的英语水平。
________ more ________ can help to improve your English.
- 19. 他擅长弹吉他。
He is good at ________ the guitar.
- 20. 我看见一些孩子正在爬塔。
I saw some children ________ the tower.
Ⅰ.1.by 2.by 3.Watching 4.waiting 5.by
Ⅱ.6.making 7.doing 8.making 9.Helping 10.working
Ⅲ.11.by listening to tapes 12.by the window 13.by train 14.by the river
15．by himself
Ⅳ.16.by practicing conversations 17.reading；to memorize18．Doing；reading 19.playing 20.climbing
